Because mitochondria play pivotal roles in both insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta cells and insulin resistance of skeletal muscles, we performed a large-scale association study to identify mitochondrial haplogroups that may confer resistance against or susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study population comprised 2,906 unrelated Japanese individuals, including 1,289 patients with T2DM and 1,617 controls, and 1,365 unrelated Korean individuals, including 732 patients with T2DM and 633 controls. The genotypes for 25 polymorphisms in the coding region of the mitochondrial genome were determined, and the haplotypes were classified into 10 major haplogroups (i.e., F, B, A, N9a, M7a, M7b, G, D4a, D4b, and D5). Multivariate logistic-regression analysis with adjustment for age and sex revealed that the mitochondrial haplogroup N9a was significantly associated with resistance against T2DM (P=.0002) with an odds ratio of 0.55 (95% confidence interval 0.40-0.75). Even in the modern environment, which is often characterized by satiety and physical inactivity, this haplogroup might confer resistance against T2DM.
The extent of metabolic defect involving apical akinetic area was more severe than perfusion abnormality. Our data suggest that sudden emotional or physical stress may cause a catecholamine-induced metabolic disorder in the myocardium, which is probably central to this syndrome.
Objective-We performed an association study to identify gene polymorphisms for assessing the genetic risk of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Methods and Results-The study population comprised 3151 unrelated Japanese individuals: 1141 stroke patients (636 with atherothrombotic cerebral infarction, 282 with intracerebral hemorrhage, and 223 with subarachnoid hemorrhage) and 2010 controls. The genotypes for 202 polymorphisms of 152 genes were determined by suspension array technology. Multivariable logistic regression analysis with adjustment for conventional risk factors revealed that the -572G3 C polymorphism of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene (IL6) was significantly (PϽ0.001) associated with both atherothrombotic cerebral infarction and intracerebral hemorrhage and that the -55C3
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