BACKGROUND: Sugammadex is primarily excreted via renal route. We investigated effects of low and high doses of sugammadex (16 mg/kg versus 96 mg/kg) on renal tissue samples of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups. Group C (control -0.9 % NaCl), Group DC (diabetes control; 55 mg/kg streptozotocin, IP, only), Group DR-16S (diabetes-rocuronium -16 mg sugammadex, IV.) and Group DR-96S (diabetes-rocuronium -96 mg sugammadex, IV). Renal tissue histopathological evaluation and antioxidant status (measurements of MDA levels and NO activities) were studied. RESULTS: Signifi cantly higher levels of all infl ammation parameters (infl ammation, degeneration/necrosis, tubular dilatation, tubular cell degeneration, dilatation in Bowman's space, tubular hyaline casts, and lymphocyte infi ltration) were found in the 96 mg/kg sugammadex group. Higher MDA tissue levels and lower NO activity were found in the 96 mg/kg sugammadex group. DISCUSSION: We can conclude that high-dose (96 mg/kg) sugammadex administration resulted in signifi cant renal tissue damage in diabetic rats. As a consequence, low doses of sugammadex have to be preferred in diabetic patients (Tab. 2, Fig. 4, Ref. 26). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder accompanied by an increase in oxidative stress. Ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a cascade of events initiated by tissue ischaemia. The cellular damage produced by reperfusion leads to an active inflammatory response. Erythrocyte deformability and plasma viscosity are of crucial importance for the perfusion of tissues and organs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of levosimendan on erythrocyte deformability during IR myocardial injury in diabetic rats. Methods: Twenty-four Wistar albino rats were included in the study after streptozocin (55 mg/kg) treatment for 4 weeks to observe the existence of diabetes. The animals were randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups. In Group C and DC (sham-control group), the coronary artery was not occluded or reperfused in the control rats. Myocardial IR was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min, followed by 2 h of reperfusion in the diabetes-IR (DIR) and diabetes-IR-levosimendan (DIRL) group. Deformability measurements were performed in erythrocyte suspensions containing Htc 5 % in a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer. Results: The deformability index was signifi cantly increased in the diabetic rats. It was similar in Group DC and DIRL It was signifi cantly increased in the DIR group compared to Group C, DIRL and DC. The relative resistance was increased in the IR models. Conclusion: Erythrocyte deformability was decreased in rats with diabetes and IR injury. This injury might lead to further problems in microcirculation. Levosimendan may be useful in enhancing the adverse effects of this type of injury (Fig. 2, Ref. 41). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.

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