The composite materials as FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymers), which are characterized by benefits resulting from the combination of high strength reinforcement (as carbon, glass, steel or aramid fibers) with synthetic matrix are increasingly used to reinforce existing structures. Reinforcing System as FRCM (Fibre Reinforced Cementitious Matrix), which includes, among others, Ruredil X Mesh Gold System, is much less commonly used. However, the uniform and practical methods for calculating composite reinforced structures are not determined. Especially when considering the real conditions of structure exploitation, which requires further research in this field. In the paper the initial loading level influence on the efficiency of reinforced concrete beams strengthen using system Ruredil X Mesh Gold was investigated.
Abstract. In the design and construction of building and engineering structures, it is of utmost importance to provide their reliability and safety. The use of FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymers) bars as reinforcement of structural concrete elements could help reducing the typical defects of reinforced concrete and increase its strength parameters. In the paper the selected FRP bar characteristic properties are presented and advantages derived therefrom are specified. Furthermore, the most commonly used in construction types of FRP bars, depending on the raw material used during the production process are listed. In addition, the possibility of recycling of elements reinforced with FRP bars is presented and compared with traditional reinforced concrete (reinforced with steel bars). The production method of FRP bars (pultrusion) is shown. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of using this method are discussed.
Abstract. The high degree of degradation of the surface of the existing rail road causes the intensification of the modernization works. Due to modernization of the railway track, damaged parts of trackway are replaced with new ones. It causes waste generation of which a significant part are railway sleepers. The paper pointed the aspects relating to the utilization of railway sleepers made of wood and concrete. The associated environmental impact was also noted. In addition, the selected solutions which increasing the durability of railway sleepers were analysed.
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