Urbanization and industrialization enhance the degradation of the groundwater quality due to the discharge of domestic and industrial effluents in the aquatic bodies or on the surface of ground either in treated or untreated form. Therefore, the present study was carried out to assess the groundwater quality at the Laksar block of district Haridwar in Uttarakhand. Groundwater samples (SS-1-10) were collected from the hand pumps of the study area. The sampling site (SS-1) was taken as control. The distance of all sampling sites from control site ranged from 6.3Km to 18.3Km. The samples were analyzed for various physicochemical parameters viz Temperature, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Solids (TS), pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Hardness (TH), Calcium Hardness (CaH), Chloride (Cl), Sulphate (SO4--), Nitrate (NO3---), Acidity, and Iron (Fe) for two years (2017 to 2019). The data obtained after analysis was simplified using Water quality index (WQI). The maximum concentration of TDS, TS, TH, CaH, and Fe was observed at SS-6 that may be due to the direct industrial discharge of Sugar mill effluent on the ground. Based on WQI value, SS-6 (WQI value-150.27) was found most polluted site. Hardness was found above the standard limit (250mg/l) at SS-6 to SS-10. The Fe was also found above the standard limit of WHO and BIS (0.3mg/l) at SS-6 to SS-10. The study may be useful for managing the groundwater quality of the study area.
The holy River Ganga at Haridwar is largely affected by that effluent from varius industries and untreated sewage disposed from insufficient sewage treatment plants. Along with that the pilgrims that take holy dip in the pious river throughout the year, all these sitautions worsens the condition a lot. The quality and quantity of surface water in a river basin is influenced by natural factors such as rainfall, temperature and weathering of rocks and anthropogenic changes that curtail natural flow of the river, or alter its hydrochemistry. A study related to water quality indexing of River Ganga was conducted for four months, and four sampling stations were selected for physico-chemical parameters. WQI of the River during the study period was 46.03 which fall in the good water quality. DO values ranged from 10.32 -13.24 mg/l, BOD values were 1.08 -3.66 mg/L, COD ranged from 5.50 -11.50 mg/L. Other physico-chemical parameters were observed well in the range.
The present study was aimed to identify the ground water contamination problems in Laksar block of district Haridwar. The ground water samples were collected from 6 different locations of Laksar block. The Physico -chemical parameters were assessed to check either the water is suitable or not for drinking purpose. The Physico-chemical parameters such Temperature, Total hardness (TH), Calcium Hardness (CaH), Acidity, Chloride, Sulphate, pH and Electrical Conductivity (EC) were analysed as per standard methods. In this study values of different parameters were recorded such as acidity (78.6 to 79.4 mg/l), pH (6.36 to7.11), chloride (111.8 to 113.8 mg/l) and total hardness (370.2 to 374.6 mg/l) respectively. This study revealed that water samples may raise concern on the safety of the water for human health may cause the various water borne disease, therefore, the proper hygiene and purification techniques should be recommended.
The aim of present study is to assess the quality of the groundwater at selected villages of Laksar Block on the basis of Water Quality Index (WQI). During the present study maximum value of TS (790.6±28.26 mg/l) was found at site S1, while the minimum value (705.3±5.59 mg/l) was found at site S4. The maximum average value of TDS (548.7±30.37 mg/l) was found at site S5, while the minimum value (352.8±5.59 mg/l) was found at site S4. The maximum average value of pH (7.8±0.58) was found at site S1, while the minimum value (6.9±0.70) was found at site S6. The maximum average value of DO (6.5±0.57) was mg/l found at site S4, while the minimum value (6.1±0.57) was mg/l found at site S6. The maximum average value of TH (396.9±65.94) was mg/l found at site S3, while the minimum value of TH (223.3±5.59mg/l) was found at site S4. The maximum average value of CaH (331.3±32.57mg/l) was found at site S1, while the minimum value of CaH (142.4±2.88mg/l) was found at site S4. The maximum average value of Chloride (137.3±8.72mg/l) was found at site S1, while the minimum Chloride average value (53.4±2.83mg/l) was found at site S4. The maximum value of Sulphate (45.11±0.78mg/l) was found at site S5, while the minimum value (28±2.24mg/l) was found at site S4.
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