The present study was carried out to investigate the importance of habitat quality for the diversity, distribution, and abundance of avifauna in Daroji Sloth Bear Sanctuary, Ballari District from February 2015 to January 2016. A total number of 189 species of birds, belonging to 62 families and 18 orders were recorded during the survey. A family-wise analysis showed that the families Accipitridae (12 species), followed by Muscicapidae (11 species), Ardeidae & Alaudidae (8 species each), and Cuculidae (7 species) dominated the avifauna of the region. The residential status of birds revealed that 74% (140 species) were resident, 23% (44 species) were winter, 2% (3 species) were summer and 1% (2 species) was passage migrant’s species. The study resulted in the recording of fives globally Near Threatened category, viz, Painted Stork, Black-headed Ibis, Oriental Darter, River Tern, and Pallid Harrier; and two Vulnerable species, viz, Yellow-throated Bulbul and Woolly-necked Stork. The feeding guild analysis revealed that the insectivorous guild has the most number of recorded avian species (33%, 63 species), followed by carnivorous (31%, 58 species) and least by nectarivorous (1%, 2 species). This study provides baseline data for monitoring the avifauna in the sanctuary and demonstrates the importance of the area in bird conservation. The study also highlights the negative impact of anthropogenic activities as the main cause for the loss of diversity of both birds and their habitat and the urgent need to conserve this biodiversity-rich area with long-term monitoring programs.
Background: RT-PCT test for Covid-19 is the most widely used test during the pandemic. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to see the status of RT-PCR test for Covid-19 during first wave of pandemic in Bangladesh at a dedicated hospital outside Dhaka city. Methodology: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at Colonel Malek Medical College, Manikgonj, Bangladesh from November 2020 to April 2021 for a period of six months. The suspected cases of covid-19 patients or patients who had the history of contact with the confirmed cases of Covid-19 patients were advised by the clinician to do the test. RT-PCR for Covid-19 test was performed and results were recorded with their age and gender. Results: A total number of 6678 cases were recruited for this study. The mean age with SD of positive and negative were 42.6±17.32 years and 40.98±18.78 years respectively (p=0.023). The male and female ratio was 1.8:1 (p=0.004). Out of 668 positive cases of Covid-19 patients most of them were from urban area which was 464(9.1%) cases during this pandemic (p=0.000). Out of 675 cases of having history of travel, Covid-19 was positive in 43(6.4%) cases. Again, 6003 patients were without travel history and among these 625(10.4%) cases were Covid-19 RT-PCR positive (p=0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion young adult male patients are most commonly suffering with Covid-19 infection. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 132-136
Background: Rapid urease test and stool antigen test are both important diagnostic tools for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection among peptic ulcer disease patients. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the detection capacity of Helicobacter pylori infection with stool antigen test by comparing with rapid urease test among peptic ulcer disease patients. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Clinical Pathology with the collaboration of Department of Gastroenterology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from October 2011 to September 2012 for a period of one year. All the clinically suspected Helicobactor pylori infected peptic ulcer patients attending in the Department of Gastroenterology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) for upper GI endoscopy were selected as study population. Stool antigen test for Helicobactor pylori specific antigen from stool sample was done with “ABON-One Step Helicobactor pylori antigen test device”. Endoscopy of upper GIT was performed in the Department of Gastroenterology. Biopsy taken during endoscopy for RUT. Rapid urease test (RUT) of endoscopic biopsy was performed. Result: A total 86 patients were recruited for this study. The mean (±SD) age was found 38.53(±10.40) years. Out of 86 patients 76 cases were SAT positive and 10 cases were negative. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values and negative predictive values and accuracy of SAT with RUT are 85.53%, 90.0%, 98.48%, 45.0%, 86.05% respectively. The area under the curve was 0.283 with the lower and upper limits of 95% confidence interval of 0.133 and 0.432. This was statistically significant (p=0.003). Conclusion: In conclusion the stool antigen test is an effective method for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 161-164
Background: Women in different socio-demographic are presented with VIA positivity. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the socio-demographic characteristics and incidence of CIN of uterine cervix among of VIA positive women. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department Of Pathology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period of July 2007 to June 2008 for one (01) year. Patients who were colposcopically positive for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and early invasive carcinoma or patients who are colposcopically negative but clinically suspicious for cervical neoplasia were included in this study. The clinical history was obtained by taking history with particular attention to age, age at marriage, parity, history of contraceptives, abnormal per vaginal discharge and post coital bleeding. The cervix was examined on naked eye by Cusco’s speculum to see whether it was healthy or not. Then it was examined by the colposcope after applying 3.0 to 5.0% acetic acid and colposcopic findings were collected. VIA positive cases were underwent colposcopy guided LEEP biopsy. Result: A total of 63 patients of different age group were recruited for this study. The mean with SD of age of this study population was 34.6±9.59 years. In this study, 41(65%) cases were diagnosed as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Incidence of CIN-I was 10 cases in age group 20 to 29 years. Most of the cases were in 30 to 39 (18 cases) years age group. Among 20 cases of high grade lesion (CIN-II/III) 9(45%) cases were in lower class, 8(40%) cases were in middle class and 3(15%) cases in upper class. Conclusion: In conclusion majority of the women were middle aged reproductive age group who are mostly in the lower class of socioeconomic class. Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2020;7(1): 7-11
Background: Colposcopy is a good diagnostic tools for the detection of abnormalities cervix of the uterus. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the histological diagnosis of colposcopically negative cases for CIN among VIA positive women. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department Of Pathology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period of July 2007 to June 2008 for one (01) year. Patients who are colposcopically negative but clinically suspicious for cervical neoplasia were included in this study. The cervix was examined on naked eye by Cusco’s speculum to see whether it was healthy or not. Then it was examined by the colposcope after applying 3 to 5% acetic acid and colposcopic findings were collected. VIA positive cases were underwent colposcopy guided LEEP biopsy. Result: A total of 63 patients of different age group were recruited for this study. The age of 63 patients ranged from 20 years to 65 years with an average age of 34.6±9.59 years. Among 63 VIA positive patients, 54 cases were colposcopically positive for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma in situ, remaining 9 patients were colposcopically negative. Histological examination was also performed in nine patients who were colposcopically negative but clinically suspicious for malignancy or precancerous lesion. Of these nine cases, eight cases (89%) were diagnosed as chronic cervicitis, one case (11.0%) as CIN-I and none as CIN-II and CIN- III. Conclusion: In conclusion majority of the colposcopically negative VIA positive cases are the patients of chronic cervicitis. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2020;6(1): 29-32
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