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Background and Aim: This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the associations between different types of housing, management, and facilities on the prevalence of lame, causing lesions in smallholder dairy farms in Algeria. Materials and Methods: The on-site investigation took place between December 2012 and May 2015. All cows were locomotion scored on a four-point scale, and foot lesions causing lame were diagnosed and recorded. Factors related to the farm and the cows' conditions were also assessed. The association between the possible risk factors and lame lesions was assessed using univariate analysis. Results: Of the 349 cows evaluated, 13% were lame (lameness score ≥2), with higher lameness values recorded for the hind feet than for the forefeet. Cows without lameness were classified as healthy. The two most frequent lesion diagnoses observed in lame cows were interdigital dermatitis/heel horn erosion (ID/HE; 39%) and interdigital phlegmon (IP; 35%), followed by traumatic lesions (T; 11%), digital dermatitis (DD; 8.7%), and laminitis-related diseases (L; 6.5%). The risk of being lame was increased in large herds with cows of the Holstein breed, and those in the third parity and above. Tie housing, concrete floor, concentrate feeding, zero-grazing, and the use of foot trimming occasionally were associated with increased risk for the presence of lame lesions. The region and footbathing frequency had no association with the prevalence of lame lesions (p≥0.05). Conclusion: These results have important implications; they indicate that several aspects of housing, management, and facility design are common protective factors for the prevalence of lame lesions. These factors should be maintained correctly to not only reduce the number of lame cows in these herds but also decrease the direct and indirect costs associated with cases of lameness.

Background: Some animal infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, hydatidosis, and fascioliasis cause public health concerns and also significant economic losses. The goal of this study was to assess the rate of fascioliasis, hydatidosis, and tuberculosis in domestic animals during post-mortem inspection at Jijel slaughterhouse, North-Eastern Algeria. Methods: The present study was carried out from March 2017 to February 2018, on 6 520 animals slaughtered at Jijel slaughterhouse. It was based on post-mortem inspection of livers and lungs by visual inspection, palpation, and incision. The statistical analysis was performed using open source software R 2017 and Microsoft Office Excel software. Results: The prevalence rate of fascioliasis (6.9%) was significantly (p<0.001) higher than that of hydatidosis (4.8%) and tuberculosis (1.0%). Regarding all three studied diseases in the slathered animal, the prevalence rate of the diseases in cattle was significantly higher than one in sheep and goats. Three peaks in the rate of studied diseases were recorded during March to May 2017, which corresponds to spring. Conclusion: Considerable prevalence rate of fascioliasis, tuberculosis, and hydatidosis in domestic animals slaughtered at the Jijel slaughterhouse seems to be an important indicator of lack of inspection, preventive, and curative treatments of animals in this region.

From January to June 2009 the biggest livestock market and five bovine farms of Bejaia department (Northcentral Algeria) were visited in order to undertake an epidemiological survey on warble fly infestation (WFI). A total of 3.442 and 226 bovines were clinically examined in both market and farms, respectively. The prevalence was higher in farms (18.1%) than in the animal market (3.7%). On the contrary, the intensity of infection was highest in the market (12.61±7.78 vs 7.5±4.15). The husbandry system exerts a significant effect on the prevalence of WFI, being the prevalence highest under extensive management. However, cattle age, sex and breed did not exert a significant effect on WFI prevalence. Breed was the only factor influencing the intensity of infection; the Montbeliarde breed was the most heavily infested as compared to the crossbreed and the local breed. Keywords: Bovine hypodermosis, Prevalence, Intensity, Risk factors, North-central Algeria Kuzey-Orta Cezayir'de Sığır Hypodermosis: Yaygınlık, Enfeksiyon Yoğunluğu ve Risk Faktörleri ÖzetBüvelek sineği enfestasyonu (WFI) üzerine bir epidemiyolojik araştırma gerçekleştirmek üzere Ocak-Haziran 2009 döneminde Bejaia Bölgesi'nin (Kuzey-Orta Cezayir) en büyük hayvan pazarı ve beş sığır çiftliği ziyaret edildi. Pazar ve marketlerde sırası ile toplam 3.442 ve 226 sığır klinik olarak muayene edildi. Prevalansın çiftliklerde (%18.1) hayvan pazarına gore (%3.7) daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Fakat, enfeksiyonun şiddetinin pazarda (12.61±7.78 vs 7.5±4.15) en yüksek olarak gözlemlendi. Ekstansif yetiştiricilikte en yüksek yaygınlıklta olan WFI prevalansı üzerine yetiştirme sistemi önemli bir etki göstermektedir. Ancak, sığır yaş, cinsiyet ve ırk özelliklerinin WFI yaygınlığı üzerinde önemli bir etki göstermediği belirlendi. Enfeksiyon yoğunluğunu etkileyen tek faktor olarak ırk özelliği bulundu; melez ve yerli ırk ile karşılaştırıldığında Montbeliarde ırkının en ağır enfestasyona maruz kaldığı gözlemlendi.

Background and Aim:Lice are permanent ectoparasites, extremely specific to their hosts. Their great importance in veterinary medicine remain significant, they can cause their direct pathogenic actions like irritability, dermatitis, anemia, decreased weight gain, and milk production. The purpose of this work was to made the first time an inventory of mammalian lice in North-eastern Algeria.Materials and Methods:Our survey of lice infestation was conducted on several animal species from five provinces of North-eastern Algeria. A total of 57 cattle, 83 sheep, 77 goats, 111 wild boars, and 63 farmyard chickens were examined. The collection of lice was carried out much more in mammals and chickens during the winter period. Lice were collected either manually or using brushing and kept in flasks containing 70% ethanol. The identification of lice was achieved in the laboratory using a binocular loupe.Results:Concerning cattle, 63% and 27% of those examined subjects from Souk-Ahras and Guelma study areas, respectively, were carriers of lice. Damalinia bovis was the louse most frequently found on cattle in these two regions. Three other species were identified in Souk-Ahras: Haematopinus eurysternus (25%), Linognathus vituli (10%), and Solenopotes capillatus (5%). Regarding sheep, 39% and 24% of examined animals in Souk-Ahras and Guelma, were carrying lice. Damalinia ovis was the most frequently encountered lice on sheep in both regions. Linognathus ovillus also was identified in Souk-Ahras, representing 0.3% of the collected lice. Concerning goats, 53% and 30% of examined animals in Souk-Ahras and Guelma, were parasitized of lice. Two species of lice were found: Damalinia caprae and Linognathus africanus. For farmyard chickens, 69% and 100% of the farmyard chicken in Souk-Ahras and Mila were parasitized by lice, respectively. Menopon gallinae was the most frequently encountered louse in farmyard chicken in both regions. Eight other species were identified in Mila and four other species only in Souk-Ahras. Finally, 25% and 28% of the wild boars in Annaba and El Tarf were parasitized by lice, respectively. Haematopinus suis was the only species found on wild boars in both regions.Conclusion:These results are to be taken into account for lice control schemes and louse-borne diseases.