The aim is to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of calcium hydroxide, combination of sesame oil with chitosan paste combination and combination of sesame oil with polyethylene glycol paste intracanal medicaments on Enterococcus Faecalis at 72 hours, 8 days and 14 days respectively. Materials and Methodology: A total of 72 single-rooted anterior teeth were selected, root canal preparation was done, and teeth were divided into three groups and contaminated with E. faecalis, which were further divided into four test groups each according to intracanal medicaments used. After 21 days, the 72 samples were randomly divided into three groups (n=18) according to the medicaments used and are as -Group 1: Negative Control, No medicament used Group 2: Calcium Hydroxide intracanal medicament paste Group 3: Sesame oil with chitosan paste Group 4: Sesame oil with polyethylene glycol The specimens were then incubated at 37 0 C in an incubator until evaluation. After 72 hours, 6 samples per group were retrieved from the incubator and analyzed. Values on continuous variable (CFU) were shown as mean ± SD across four study groups. The intergroup statistical comparisons were done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni's correction for multiple group comparisons. Results 1) All the medicaments showed reduction in the bacterial load of Enterococcus Faecalis. However, Calcium hydroxide medicament with Sesame oil and chitosan medicament showed better reduction in the colonies than Sesame oil with polyethylene glycol. 2) Significant reduction of bacterial load was also observed at 14 days when compared after 72 hrs and 8 days in all the three medicaments. 3) Calcium hydroxide medicament and Sesame oil with Chitosan compared to sesame oil with chitosan. Conclusion:In this study, all the three groups showed reduction in the bacterial count of Enterococcus Faecalis, however complete eradication of this stubborn organism was not achieved which is still a drawback of intracanal medication of root canal therapy. However, Calcium hydroxide medicament with Sesame oil and chitosan medicament showed better reduction in the colonies than Sesame oil with polyethylene glycol.
To evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of Chitosan, Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, Sodium Hypochlorite and Chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis at room temperature of the irrigant, at warm temperature (60 o Celsius) of the irrigant and after intracanal heating (180 o Celsius) of the irrigant. Materials and method: A total of 120 extracted single-rooted teeth were infected for 21 days with E. faecalis after instrumentation with Pro Taper system. Before irrigation procedure, dentinal shavings were collected in 1 ml of sterile broth and incubated. The optical density of each broth was measured using digital colorimeter and initial readings were recorded. Samples were then divided into five groups of 24 teeth in each group-Group A: Sodium hypochlorite irrigation, Group B: EDTA irrigation, Group C: Chitosan irrigation, Group D: Chlorhexidine irrigation, Group E: Saline irrigation. Each group was further divided into three subgroups -(I) Room temperature of irrigant (II) Warm temperature of irrigant (III) Intracanal heating of irrigant. After irrigation, dentinal shavings were collected and optical density recorded. The values were analysed statistically with Student's t test and analysis of variance followed by Post-Hoc Bonferroni's correction test; p-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The post irrigation optical densities in all the groups were significantly lower than pre irrigation values. Sodium hypochlorite and Chlorhexidine demonstrated better antimicrobial efficacy followed by Chitosan and EDTA, whereas the least efficacy was shown by Saline which was the control group. Differences in optical density using different irrigants were found to be higher by intracanal heating of irrigants followed by warm irrigation and room temperature irrigation (p<0.0001). Conclusion:Chitosan exhibited effective antimicrobial effect similar to Chlorhexidine and Sodium Hypochlorite. Intracanal heating was most effective for elimination of E.faecalis followed by warm irrigation as compared to that of room temperature of the irrigant.
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