A comparative evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of calcium hydroxide and Seasame oil based intracanal medicaments on enterococcus faecalis: An in vitro study

Abstract

The aim is to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of calcium hydroxide, combination of sesame oil with chitosan paste combination and combination of sesame oil with polyethylene glycol paste intracanal medicaments on Enterococcus Faecalis at 72 hours, 8 days and 14 days respectively. Materials and Methodology: A total of 72 single-rooted anterior teeth were selected, root canal preparation was done, and teeth were divided into three groups and contaminated with E. faecalis, which were further divided into four test groups each according to intracanal medicaments used. After 21 days, the 72 samples were randomly divided into three groups (n=18) according to the medicaments used and are as -Group 1: Negative Control, No medicament used Group 2: Calcium Hydroxide intracanal medicament paste Group 3: Sesame oil with chitosan paste Group 4: Sesame oil with polyethylene glycol The specimens were then incubated at 37 0 C in an incubator until evaluation. After 72 hours, 6 samples per group were retrieved from the incubator and analyzed. Values on continuous variable (CFU) were shown as mean ± SD across four study groups. The intergroup statistical comparisons were done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni's correction for multiple group comparisons. Results 1) All the medicaments showed reduction in the bacterial load of Enterococcus Faecalis. However, Calcium hydroxide medicament with Sesame oil and chitosan medicament showed better reduction in the colonies than Sesame oil with polyethylene glycol. 2) Significant reduction of bacterial load was also observed at 14 days when compared after 72 hrs and 8 days in all the three medicaments. 3) Calcium hydroxide medicament and Sesame oil with Chitosan compared to sesame oil with chitosan. Conclusion:In this study, all the three groups showed reduction in the bacterial count of Enterococcus Faecalis, however complete eradication of this stubborn organism was not achieved which is still a drawback of intracanal medication of root canal therapy. However, Calcium hydroxide medicament with Sesame oil and chitosan medicament showed better reduction in the colonies than Sesame oil with polyethylene glycol.

Intracanal medicaments: A review

“…It has the ability to maintain its antibacterial action for a prolonged period due to its substantivity and optimal microbial activity at pH 5.5 to 7 [30] . There was a highly significant difference (p<0.005) in E. faecalis count in a study after day 7 of intracanal drug placement [31] . Chlorhexidine showed maximum antimicrobial activity, followed by chitosan, in both single and dual-species biofilms [32] .…”