During our investigations of new actinobacterial taxa, a novel actinobacterial strain, designated MB20 T , was isolated from a Saharan soil sample, collected in the Mzab region (Ghardaïa province, southern Algeria). In order to reveal its taxonomic position, the novel strain was characterized following a polyphasic taxonomic approach. It was noticed that strain MB20 T produced white, branched and fragmented substrate mycelium with no aerial mycelium on most of the media tested. Chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic studies clearly demonstrated that strain MB20 T belonged to the family Pseudonocardiaceae and was closely related to the genus Actinophytocola. Cell-wall hydrolysates contained meso-diaminopimelic acid but not glycine, and whole-cell hydrolysates contained galactose, glucose and ribose. The diagnostic phospholipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. Mycolic acids were not detected while the predominant fatty acid was found to be iso-branched hexadecanoate (iso-C 16 : 0 ). The major menaquinone was MK-9 (H 4 ). Results of the 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison revealed that strain MB20 T shared the highest degree of similarity with Actinophytocola gilvus DSM 45828 T (98.5 %), Actinophytocola corallina DSM 45659 T (98.0 %) and Actinophytocola timorensis DSM 45660 T (97.5 %). However, DNA-DNA hybridization studies showed only 32.9 % similarity with A. timorensis, 23.7 % similarity with A. gilvus and 17.9 % similarity with A. corallina. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics, 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons and DNA-DNA hybridization, strain MB20 T was revealed to be a representative of a novel species of the genus Actinophytocola, for which the name Actinophytocola algeriensis sp. nov. (type strain MB20 T =DSM 46746 T =CECT 8960 T ) is proposed.
A new strain of actinobacteria, designated ABH26, was isolated from a Saharan soil in the Adrar region (Algeria), by the dilution agar plating method using a chitin-vitamins B medium supplemented with polymyxin and penicillin. The morphological studies showed that this strain represents a member of the Saccharothrix genus. Phylogenetic analysis showed that this strain had 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities ranging from 97.63% (with Saccharothrix violaceirubra NBRC 102064T) to 99.86% (with Saccharothrix xinjiangensis NBRC 101911T). Furthermore, strain ABH26 presented a strong activity against mycotoxigenic and phytopathogenic fungi including Aspergillus carbonarius (M333), A. flavus (NRRL 3251), A. westerdijkiae (ATCC 3174), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini (Fol) and F. solani (Fsol). Additionally, the strain exhibited an important antimicrobial activity against many strains of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans (M2, M3 and IPA200) and against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA 639c). Thus, four solvents (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol) were used for the extraction of produced antibiotic compounds. The highest antimicrobial activities were obtained using the butanolic extract. The thin layer chromatography (TLC) method showed two bioactive spots, named HAD1 and HAD2, which were reveled negatively by using chemical revelators (ninhydrin, naphtoresorcinol-sulfuric acid, ferrous iron chloride and formaldehyde-sulfuric). These results indicated the absence of amine group, sugar, hydroxamic acid, phenol and aromatic compound.
The taxonomic position of a new Saccharothrix strain, designated MB46, isolated from a Saharan soil sample collected in Mzab region (Ghardaïa province, South Algeria) was established following a polyphasic approach. The novel microorganism has morphological and chemical characteristics typical of the members of the genus Saccharothrix and formed a phyletic line at the periphery of the Saccharothrix espanaensis subcluster in the 16S rRNA gene dendrograms. Results of the 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain MB46 shares high degrees of similarity with S. espanaensis DSM 44229 (99.2%), Saccharothrix variisporea DSM 43911 (98.7%) and Saccharothrix texasensis NRRL B-16134 (98.6%). However, the new strain exhibited only 12.5-17.5% DNA relatedness to the neighbouring Saccharothrix spp. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics, 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons and DNA-DNA hybridizations, strain MB46 is concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Saccharothrix, for which the name Saccharothrix ghardaiensis sp. nov. (type strain MB46 = DSM 46886 = CECT 9046) is proposed.
A filamentous actinobacterium, designated strain PM3, was isolated from a Saharan soil sample collected from Béni-Abbès, Béchar (South-West Algeria). A polyphasic taxonomic study was carried out to establish the status of strain PM3. The isolate was found to have morphological and chemotaxonomical properties associated with members of the genus Planomonospora. The new isolated microorganism developed cylindrical sporangia arranged in double parallel rows on aerial mycelium, each one containing a motile single sporangiospore. The cell wall of the strain was found to contain meso-diaminopimelic acid. Whole-cell hydrolysates were found to contain madurose, glucose, mannose and ribose. The predominant menaquinone was identified as MK-9(H) (69.6%). The polar lipids detected were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylhydroxyethanolamine and glucosamine-containing lipids. The major fatty acids were found to be Cω9c (38.6%) and C (24.2%). Results of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison revealed that strain PM3 shared a high degree of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Planomonospora sphaerica DSM 44632 (99.3%), Planomonospora parontospora subsp. parontospora DSM 43177 (99.2%) and P. parontospora subsp. antibiotica DSM 43869 (99.0%). DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain PM3 and the type strains of the closely related species were between 58.4 and 70.1%. The combination of phylogenetic analysis, DNA-DNA relatedness data, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic data support the conclusion that strain PM3 represents a novel species of the genus Planomonospora, for which the name Planomonospora algeriensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PM3 (=DSM 46752 = CECT 9047).
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