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Introduction: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease found in all tropical and temperate areas of the world. Humans contract leptospira through mucosal or percutaneous exposure to environments contaminated by the urine of chronically infected animal sources mainly rodents, dogs, pigs and cattle.Objectives: It is known that IgM ELISA is used widely to diagnose leptospirosis in acute stage of illness.Our aim is to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a molecular technique like PCR in reference to the serological test Pan Bio, IgM ELISA, and its usefulness as a diagnostic test in the diagnosis of leptospirosis. Methods:The patients included 85 males and 15 females, age 2yrs-78 yrs, (median age, 40yrs). Common presenting symptoms were Fever, myalgia, jaundice, nausea and vomiting, oliguria and acute renal failure. Blood samples were drawn during the acute phase of illness, Conclusions: PCR is a sensitive and specific technique which can detect the presence of DNA in the very early stage of the disease; Results of PCR can give us a presumptive diagnosis of leptospirosis in early phase of illness (1-7days) compared to Pan Bio IgM ELISA. Hence PCR together with IgM ELISA can be used to confirm the diagnosis, in the acute stage (1-15days) of the infection. Journal of Biology and Life ScienceISSN 2157-6076 2011, Vol. 2, No. 1: E2