The present quantitative study aims to find out the underlying factors of attitudes towards information technology and the relationship with academic achievement among students, through a self-developed questionnaire. The attitudes of the respondents were assessed in terms of three dimensions; namely affection, behavior, and belief. The results revealed a statistically significant difference between Arts and Science students in terms of their attitude towards IT in favor of Science students, and also proved that there was no statistically significant correlation between students' academic achievement and their attitudes towards IT. While students at the medium level of academic achievement tended to score higher on the affection toward IT comparing with students at the satisfactory level of the academic achievement. The results of this study provide information for policy makers, and the researchers who are interested in understanding the factors that affect technology use by students in their learning.

In the past 10 years, the world witnessed two significant phenomena: the ascent of the fourth industrial revolution and the breakout of the COVID-19 pandemic. The two events posed different challenges, but as the world pulls through, one valuable lesson for educators prevails. The pandemic together with a heightened higher education readiness for technology ushers in a new brand of learners and learning. Learners and learning are inherently active. Nurturing a culture of responsiveness is the current narrative as we navigate the bends and nooks of change and uncertainty. This chapter serves as a prelude to the other chapters in this book. It helps redefine and set the context for responsiveness in (individual) learning and learning delivery. Since learners are learning in a multifaceted realm and the aim of learning goes beyond the academic transcript, being responsible is indisputably necessary. The chapter is written with an author from a different end of the globe to signify the most significant way forward for educators around the world (i.e., to work collaboratively).

The research has a variety of aims. First, to clarify the cognitive level of the Kurdish individual about human values ​​in Kurdish proverbs and its related dimensions, as well as to know the impact of gender differences on Kurdish proverbs and its dimensions. To achieve these two aims, 150 undergraduate university students participated randomly in the current research. The researchers used a self-designed data-gathering tool consisting of 204 varieties of Kurdish proverbs, each proverb with five Likert options. The psychometric of collection tool which is the validity and reliability of the instrument was measured and was at the required level and good enough to be used. In order to analyze the data of the research, the researchers used the (SPSS) statistical package for the social sciences program. After analyzing the data, the results of the research showed that the cognitive level of the Kurdish individual about human values ​​was at a high and positive level according to the five Likert options, and the effect of gender differences on human values ​​and their dimensions were not statistically significant except for four dimensions. The analysis also showed controversial results for negative proverbs about each gender variable. In conclusion, the study in light of the research results made some recommendations and scientific suggestions to the related field.

ئامانجه‌كانی ئه‌م توێژینه‌وه‌ خۆی له‌دوو به‌ش ده‌بینێته‌وه‌، ئامانجی گشتی توێژینه‌وه‌كه‌، كه‌ بریتی یه‌ له‌زانینی ئاستی خودچالاكی مامۆستایانی زانكۆ، و ئامانجی تایبه‌تی كه‌ بریتییه‌ له‌ زانینی كاریگه‌ریی جیاوازی ڕه‌گه‌ز له‌سه‌ر ئاسته‌كه‌یان، ئینجا زانینى په‌یوه‌ندى خودچالاكی مامۆستایانى زانكۆ بۆ یه‌كێك له‌ گۆڕاوه‌ دیمۆگرافیه‌كانی ڕاپرسی توێژینه‌وه‌كه‌، كه‌بریتییه‌ له‌ گۆڕاوی بڕوانامه‌، بۆ به‌ده‌ستهێنانی ئه‌م ئامانجه‌ گشتی و تایبه‌تیانه‌ی توێژینه‌وه‌ی به‌رده‌ست، 72 مامۆستای زانكۆ به‌شێوه‌یه‌كی هه‌ڕه‌مه‌كی خۆبه‌خشانه‌ به‌شداریان كرد. بۆ كۆكردنه‌وی زانیاری توێژینه‌وه‌ی به‌رده‌ست ڕاپرسیه‌كی 10 بڕگه‌یی وه‌رگیراو به‌كارهات كه‌ 5 هه‌ڵبژاردنی هه‌یه‌، له‌به‌رامبه‌ر هه‌ر بڕگه‌یه‌ك به‌شێوه‌یه‌كی یه‌كسانی ئاماژه‌ی پێكرابو تاكو به‌شداربو به‌ئاسانی بتوانێت ئه‌و وه‌ڵامه‌ هه‌ڵبژێرێت كه‌له‌گه‌ڵ بۆچونی تایبه‌تی خۆی ده‌گونجێت، بۆ دڵنیایی بون له‌به‌های ڕاستگۆیی و جێَگیری  ئامرازی كۆكردنه‌وه‌ی زانیاری توێژینه‌وه‌كه‌، ڕاپرسیه‌كه‌ له‌ماوه‌یه‌كی كورتدا كه‌ له‌ڕۆژێك زیاتر نه‌بو به‌سه‌ر به‌شێك له‌ نمونه‌ی توێژینه‌وه‌كه‌ دابه‌شكرا پاش كۆكردنه‌وه‌ی ڕاپرسیه‌كان و دابه‌زاندنی بۆ سه‌ر به‌رنامه‌ی ئاماری تایبه‌ت، داتاكان شیكردنه‌وه‌یان بۆ ئه‌نجامدرا، پاشان ده‌ركه‌وت كه‌ به‌هاكه‌یان له‌ئاستێكی گونجاودایه‌ به‌مه‌ش تویژینه‌وه‌كه‌ به‌رده‌وامی پێدرا بۆ دابه‌شكردن به‌سه‌ر نمونه‌ی كۆتایی . پاش كۆكردنه‌وه‌ی زانیاری له‌ نمونه‌ی كۆتای تو‌ێژینه‌وه‌كه‌ ئینجا شیكردنه‌وه‌یان به‌ به‌رنامه‌ی spss  هه‌گبه‌ی ئاماری بۆ زانسته‌ كۆمه‌ڵایه‌تییه‌كان كه‌ تایبه‌ته‌ به‌ بواری ده‌رونی و په‌روه‌رده‌ی كۆمه‌ڵایه‌تی مرۆڤایه‌تی، ئه‌نجامه‌كان ده‌ریانخست كه‌ ئاستی گشتی خودچالاكی په‌روه‌رده‌یی مامۆستایانی زانكۆ له‌ئاستێكی به‌رزدایه‌، به‌ڵام هیچ جیاوازیه‌كی به‌ڵگه‌داری ئاماریی له‌ ئاستی خودچالاكی مامۆستایان ده‌رنه‌كه‌وت له‌نێوان هه‌ردوو ڕه‌گه‌زی جیاوازی نێر ومێی به‌شداربوانی توێژینه‌وه‌كه‌، هه‌رچه‌نده‌ ئه‌نجامەکانی توێژینه‌وه‌كه‌ ئاماژه‌ به‌وه‌ده‌كه‌ن كه‌، ئاستی خودچالاكی ڕه‌گه‌زی مێ ئاسته‌كه‌یان به‌رزرتر بو به‌ڵام به‌ڵگه‌داری ئاماریی نه‌بوو. له‌كۆتایی ئامانجە تایبه‌تیه‌كان ده‌ریانخست كه‌ په‌یوه‌ندییه‌كی نه‌رێینی له‌نێوان بڕوانامه‌ وئاستی خودچالاكی په‌روه‌ده‌ییان هه‌یه‌، واته‌ هه‌رچه‌نده‌ بڕوانامه‌ به‌رزتر بێت ئاستی خودچالاكیان نزمتره‌، به‌ڵام ئه‌م په‌یوه‌ندییه‌ له‌ئاستی به‌ڵگه‌داری ئاماریی نه‌بو. له‌کۆتایی وله‌ژێر ڕۆشنایی ئه‌نجامه‌كان چه‌ندین پیشنیاز و ڕاسپارده‌ پێشكه‌شكران.

This study aimed at investigating the underlying factors of selfie addiction among university students. It further attempted to find out the role of gender difference in selfie addiction. A 19-item self-developed questionnaire used to measure selfie addiction. The questionnaire was validated using a sample of 269 randomly selected university students. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) was conducted to test the validity of the questionnaire. The results revealed three underlined factors which were: Intention, Self-Obsessed, and Self-Acceptance. The results also indicated that females are more addicted with respect to selfies on social media than their males.

The purpose of this study is to find out the level of the quality of life according to its dimensions, and constructing the measurement of the studying motivation, to display the levels of studying motivation from the part of the university students. The paper tries to find the relationship between quality of life and studying motivation and figure out the presupposition of studying motivation through the quality of life. The relevant descriptive method was adopted in the study. The population of the study is made up of (3466) students. The sample of the study for the first setting was of (465) students, the second setting was of (550) male and female students, they are selected in a random clustered way.  For collecting information, the researchers used two measures: the quality of life is taken and the measures of studying motivation is constructed, the results turned out that the quality of life of students is at an acceptable level. For constructing the measures of studying motivation, the analysis of principles of used dimensions, divided the measurement into three dimensions, it turned out that the studying motivation is at an acceptable level. There are statistical positive evidences for the relation between quality of life and studying motivation. It turned out that quality of life presupposes a remarkable self-dimension in studying motivation. Finally, the researcher in the light of the results, offered some recommendations and suggestions.

This study aimed to find out the level of academic resilience (AR), meaning of life (MOL) and the relationship between them among students at Koya University. 740 samples were selected randomly. The researcher used two scales; one scale adapted academic resilience scale by Cassidy (2016), and meaning of life scale was developed by the researchers. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) was conducted to test the validity of the meaning of life items. The validity and reliability of the instruments were at convinced level. The result showed that the students have a low level of academic resilience and a high level of meaning of life; the result showed a statistically positive relationship between academic resilience and meaning of life, also the result showed that the academic resilience was predicted meaning of life.