Abstract-Effectivecommunication among project participants in construction sites is a real dilemma for construction projects productivity. To improve the efficiency of participants in construction projects and have a speedy delivery of these projects, this paper presents the development of a mobile application system to support construction site communication. The developed system is designed to enhance communication between home office employees, field office staff, and mobile users at the construction sites. It has two components: a mobile application and a website. The mobile application component provides users with valuable features such as, receive sites' instructions, send requests for interpretations and retrieve information about projects. Whereas, the website component allows users, such as, home office employees to track projects' progress and find projects' location. The developed system is tested first on emulators and then on Android devices. After that the system was tested on a highway improvement project. Through their mobile phones, site users are able to interact with field office and home office personnel who use the web application to communicate with mobile users. It is expected that this work will contribute to facilitate communication in construction sites, which is much needed in this information intensive sector.
Background Recent incorporated spectrophotometer software supporting mathematical methods was considered as an optimum key for the resolution of multicomponent mixtures. Objective Several spectrophotometric techniques are introduced for the determination of mixtures of Tretinoin (TN), Hydroquinone (HQ), and Fluocinolone acetonide (FA), in presence of the preservative; Methyl Paraben (MP), without any separation procedure, taking into consideration the presence of two minor components and the severe overlap of their spectra. Methods Constant multiplication coupled spectrum subtraction resolved the quaternary mixture into the zero-order absorption spectrum of TN alone and a severely overlapped ternary mixture of HQ, FA, and MP. Three approaches based on the derivative ratio spectra were applied to resolve this ternary severely overlapped mixture which are: derivative ration zero-crossing point method, factorized derivative ratio method, and double divisor derivative ratio method. Results The work is conducted over a concentration range of 1–10, 4–38, and 4–35 µg/mL, for TN, HQ, and FA, respectively. The results obtained are compared statistically to each other and to the official methods showing no significant difference. Conclusions The proposed methods are successfully applied for the simultaneous determination of the three drugs in presence of MP in synthetic mixtures and in their combined dosage form Trimelasma® cream with very good accuracy and precision. Highlights Comparative study between conventional and new methods for resolving ternary severely overlapped mixtures. Mathematical manipulation steps and enrichment techniques aided accurate quantification of the minor components in mixture.
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