The territory of Dagestan is one of the seismically active regions of the European part of Russia. Both in the historical past and in recent years, strong and destructive earthquakes have occurred in this region. For example, the area of the Sulak cascade of hydroelectric power stations is one of the most dangerous in Dagestan, both in seismic and environmental terms. Over the past 53 years, there have been 4 strong earthquakes with devastating consequences (1970, 1974, 1975, 1999 years). The most powerful of them was the earthquake of May 14, 1970 with М=6.6. The epicenter of the main shock was at a distance of 15–20 km from the Chirkey hydroelectric power station dam, which was then under construction. This implies the relevance of a detailed study of the seismic regime features in Dagestan and adjacent areas. The article discusses the unified integrated system of seismological observations functioning in the Dagestan Branch of the GS RAS (DB) and provides information about the equipment for these observations. Some priority results obtained using innovative data processing methods developed in the DB are described. The results obtained according to the catalog of the Eastern Caucasus are compared with the results for other regions of the world with denser networks of seismic stations. On this basis, arguments are presented in favor of the need for a significant condensing of the region seismic network. To increase the information content of geophysical observations, the implementation and use of our patented hardware developments, including a gravity gradiometer and a variometer, an inclinometer, a hydraulic level, an extensometer, etc., are proposed. In particular, the expediency of implementing a broadband resonant seismoacoustic receiver developed in the DB is shown. It is proposed to supplement seismic stations with such receivers to increase their information content.
Введение. Эпицентр землетрясения, произошедшего 16 апреля в 12 h 27 m , находился в 70 км к юго-западу от г. Махачкалы и в 11 км к югу от районного центра Сергокалинского района, вблизи населенного пункта Кичи-Гамри (Δ=3.5 км), откуда и название-Кичи-Гамринское землетрясение, Кинематические и динамические параметры землетрясения составляют: t 0 =12 h 26 m 57.87 s , К Р =12.67, h=11.5 км; φ и =42.355°N, λ и =47.696°E [1]. Указанные параметры определены территориальной сетью сейсмических станций Дагестанского филиала ФИЦ ЕГС РАН. Инструментальные данные. По данным ISC [2] Кичи-Гамринское-II землетрясение записали 837 сейсмических станций мировой сети. Указанные выше параметры землетрясения, определенные региональной сетью сейсмических станций Дагестанского филиала ФИЦ ЕГС РАН, приведены на рис. 1 и в табл. 1 вместе с решениями других сейсмологических служб. Рис. 1. Разные решения эпицентра Кичи-Гамринского-II землетрясения 16 апреля 2013 г. 1, 2-инструментальный и макросейсмический эпицентры соответственно; 3-решения региональных (OBN, AZER) и международных агентств.
The article provides instrumental data and descriptions of macroseismic manifestations of six perceptible earthquakes that occurred on the territory of Dagestan in 2016 (Mekhelta on May 13 with KR=13.5, Ms=5.3, I0=5, Arakan on August 24 with KR=10.1, Ms =3.4, I0=4, Botlikh on November 2 with KR=9.3, Ms=3.2, I0=4, Kizilyurt-II on December 22 with KR=10.3, Ms=3.5, I0=4–5) and in 2017 (Tsurib on May 3 with KR=13.6, Ms=5.3, I0=6 and Lyakhlya on December 7 with KR=12, Ms=4.4, I0=5–6). For each of the considered earthquakes, except for the Tsurib one, isoseismal maps were compiled. All earthquakes, except for the Arakan one, are located along the seismically active ring around the calm zone. The Arakan earthquake, together with the Kichigamra-I and Kichigamra-II earthquakes on May 3, 1988, and April 3, 2013, breaks the long-term seismic calm in this zone, there-by confirming that similar seismic events can take place here in the medium term. It should be noted that the 2016 Botlikh earthquake is the only event of such magnitude within the Botlikh area for the entire instrumental observation period (since 1975). The Kizilyurt-II earthquake, despite its low mag-nitude, is of interest due to the wide-area where shakes were felt, and, together with the strong 1999 Kizilyurt-I earthquake with Ms=5.3, due to proximity to the Chiryurt hydroelectric power station.
Аннотация. Рассматривается сильное шестибалльное землетрясение, произошедшее 17 сентября 2013 г. с МS=5.0 в Грузино-Дагестанском пограничном районе. Составлен фрагмент карты изосейст по шкале MSK-64 на основе макросейсмических данных только в секторе на территории Дагестана и данных сети сейсмических станций Дагестанского филиала ФИЦ ЕГС РАН. Ключевые слова: Дагестан, инструментальные и макросейсмические данные, форшоки и афтершоки, механизм очага, карта изосейст, история сейсмичности.
Данная статья посвящена процессу становления и развития сети сейсмологических наблюдений на территории Дагестана.
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