Введение. Эпицентр землетрясения, произошедшего 16 апреля в 12 h 27 m , находился в 70 км к юго-западу от г. Махачкалы и в 11 км к югу от районного центра Сергокалинского района, вблизи населенного пункта Кичи-Гамри (Δ=3.5 км), откуда и название-Кичи-Гамринское землетрясение, Кинематические и динамические параметры землетрясения составляют: t 0 =12 h 26 m 57.87 s , К Р =12.67, h=11.5 км; φ и =42.355°N, λ и =47.696°E [1]. Указанные параметры определены территориальной сетью сейсмических станций Дагестанского филиала ФИЦ ЕГС РАН. Инструментальные данные. По данным ISC [2] Кичи-Гамринское-II землетрясение записали 837 сейсмических станций мировой сети. Указанные выше параметры землетрясения, определенные региональной сетью сейсмических станций Дагестанского филиала ФИЦ ЕГС РАН, приведены на рис. 1 и в табл. 1 вместе с решениями других сейсмологических служб. Рис. 1. Разные решения эпицентра Кичи-Гамринского-II землетрясения 16 апреля 2013 г. 1, 2-инструментальный и макросейсмический эпицентры соответственно; 3-решения региональных (OBN, AZER) и международных агентств.
The territory of Dagestan is one of the seismically active regions of the European part of Russia. Both in the historical past and in recent years, strong and destructive earthquakes have occurred in this region. For example, the area of the Sulak cascade of hydroelectric power stations is one of the most dangerous in Dagestan, both in seismic and environmental terms. Over the past 53 years, there have been 4 strong earthquakes with devastating consequences (1970, 1974, 1975, 1999 years). The most powerful of them was the earthquake of May 14, 1970 with М=6.6. The epicenter of the main shock was at a distance of 15–20 km from the Chirkey hydroelectric power station dam, which was then under construction. This implies the relevance of a detailed study of the seismic regime features in Dagestan and adjacent areas. The article discusses the unified integrated system of seismological observations functioning in the Dagestan Branch of the GS RAS (DB) and provides information about the equipment for these observations. Some priority results obtained using innovative data processing methods developed in the DB are described. The results obtained according to the catalog of the Eastern Caucasus are compared with the results for other regions of the world with denser networks of seismic stations. On this basis, arguments are presented in favor of the need for a significant condensing of the region seismic network. To increase the information content of geophysical observations, the implementation and use of our patented hardware developments, including a gravity gradiometer and a variometer, an inclinometer, a hydraulic level, an extensometer, etc., are proposed. In particular, the expediency of implementing a broadband resonant seismoacoustic receiver developed in the DB is shown. It is proposed to supplement seismic stations with such receivers to increase their information content.
Seismic monitoring in the region in 2015 was carried out by a seismic network consisting of 59 stations. Digital equipment was installed at all stations in the second half of the year. The network capability was assessed by the level of seismic noise at the stations: in most of the region, the network provided registration of an earthquake from КR7.0, in the central (including the Greater Sochi region) and eastern parts of the region – КR6.0, and in some local zones with КR5.5. 2,276 earthquakes were registered, 17 earthquakes were felt in the settlements of the Caucasus. The maximum intensity VII at MSK-64 (SSI-17) scale was noted from the earthquake in the territory of Azerbaijan. The earthquake on November 3, which occurred on the platform territory within the Stavropol arch, felt IV at MSK-64. The strongest earthquakes were recorded in the Terek-Caspian and Kura troughs and in the eastern part of the Greater Caucasus. The seismicity of the North Caucasus in 2015 in accordance with the seismicity scale "SOUS-09" was set as the "background average" for the observation period from 1962 to 2015.
Описывается история развития сейсмологических наблюдений и опыт изучения землетрясений на территории Дагестана.
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