The various resources available naturally for the green synthesis of nanoparticles are plants, plant products, bacteria, fungi, algae, yeast and viruses. Though there is a large platform for a greener synthesis of nanoparticles, the most commonly preferred way is bacterial synthesis, as bacteria are easy to handle and genetic manipulation is also possible. This chapter describes the historical aspects, advantages of the biogeneration, biogenerators and applications of nanoparticles (e.g. in medicine and as catalysts). The biotemplate for nanoparticle synthesis, principle behind biogeneration of nanoparticles, mechanism of nanoparticle synthesis and the size-controlling parameters in the biogenesis of nanoparticles are discussed. Future Prospects are given.
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