A non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain WPCB133T, was isolated from freshwater collected from the Woopo wetland (Republic of Korea). Cells were Gram-reaction-negative, aerobic and catalase- and oxidase-positive. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. The strain contained MK-7 as the major isoprenoid quinone. The DNA G+C content was 47 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain WPCB133T forms an independent lineage within the genus Mucilaginibacter. Strain WPCB133T was distantly related to Mucilaginibacter kameinonensis SCKT (94.7 % sequence similarity), Mucilaginibacter paludis TPT56T (94.5 %) and Mucilaginibacter gracilis TPT18T (94.4 %). Phenotypic characteristics distinguished strain WPCB133T from members of the genus Mucilaginibacter. On the basis of evidence presented in this study, strain WPCB133T represents a novel species of the genus Mucilaginibacter, for which the name Mucilaginibacter rigui sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WPCB133T (=KCTC 12534T =NBRC 101115T). An emended description of the genus Mucilaginibacter is also proposed.
Culture broth of an actinomycete isolate, Nocardia sp. CS682 showed specifically higher antibacterial activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Purified substance from the organism, CS-682, which is active against MRSA and Micrococcus leuteus, is a C(28)H(37)NO(8) (M+H(+), observed: 516.83) and identified as an unusual macrolide antibiotic, nargenicin. The chemical structure of CS-682 was identified by FT-IR, (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR, and ((1)H-(1)H and (1)H-(13)H) COSY. The anti-MRSA activity of CS-682 was stronger than that of oxacillin, vancomycin, monensin, erythromycin, and spiramycin. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain CS682 is closely related to Nocardia tenerifensis DSM 44704(T) (98.7% sequence similarity), followed by N. brasiliensis ATCC 19296(T) (98.4% sequence similarity). The ability of Nocardia sp. CS682 to produce nargenicin was unique.
A motile, rod-shaped, pink–orange pigmented bacterium, designated strain DW01T, was isolated from the gut microflora of abalone collected from the South Sea (Republic of Korea). Cells were Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (17.7 %), C16 : 0 (13.4 %), iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1 ω7c (12.5 %) and C17 : 1 ω8c (10.7 %). The DNA G+C content was 53.7 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain DW01T forms a lineage of the genus Shewanella and is closely related to Shewanella algae ATCC 51192T (98.3 % sequence similarity) and to other members of the genus Shewanella (91.0–94.9 %). The phenotypic characteristics and DNA–DNA hybridization relatedness data indicate that strain DW01T should be distinguished from S. algae ATCC 51192T. On the basis of the data presented in this study, strain DW01T represents a novel species, for which the name Shewanella haliotis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DW01T (=KCTC 12896T=JCM 14758T).
A marine bacterial strain, FR1064 T , was isolated from a surface seawater sample collected off Jeju Island, South Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the isolate belonged to the Gammaproteobacteria and was related to the genus Glaciecola with 97?6 % sequence similarity to Glaciecola pallidula, its nearest phylogenetic neighbour. DNA-DNA relatedness between strain FR1064 T and G. pallidula ACAM 615 T was 55 %. Cells of the novel isolate were Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, motile and halophilic, with an optimum sea salts concentration of 4-7 %. The major fatty acids were straight-chain saturated (C 16 : 0 ), summed feature 3 and monounsaturated fatty acid C 18 : 1 . The DNA G+C content was 44 mol%. Several phenotypic characteristics differentiated the novel isolate from all previously described members of the genus Glaciecola. The polyphasic data obtained in this study clearly demonstrate that strain FR1064 T represents a novel species of the genus Glaciecola. The name Glaciecola nitratireducens sp. nov. is therefore proposed, with strain FR1064 T (=KCTC 12276 T =JCM 12485 T ) as the type strain.The genus Glaciecola was originally created to accommodate aerobic, psychrophilic, halophilic bacteria and initially comprised two species, Glaciecola punicea and Glaciecola pallidula. These species were isolated from sea-ice diatom assemblage samples collected from coastal areas of eastern Antarctica (Bowman et al., 1998). Recently, two further species of the genus, namely Glaciecola mesophila and Glaciecola polaris, have been described, isolated from marine invertebrate specimens and Arctic Ocean seawater, respectively (Romanenko et al., 2003;Van Trappen et al., 2004). In the course of our study on marine microbial diversity, a Glaciecola-like strain, designated strain FR1064 T , was isolated from surface seawater and was the subject of a comprehensive taxonomic investigation. In this study, the polyphasic taxonomic properties of strain FR1064 T are presented.Strain FR1064 T was isolated from a coastal surface seawater sample collected off Jeju Island, Republic of Korea. The sample was diluted with sterilized artificial seawater (ASW; Lyman & Fleming, 1940), spread onto a plate containing marine agar 2216 (MA; Difco) and incubated at 25 u C for 3 weeks. The isolate was routinely cultured on MA and maintained as a glycerol suspension (20 %, w/v) at 280 uC. G. pallidula ACAM 615 T , cultured on MA at 15 u C, was used as a reference strain.Bacterial DNA preparation, PCR amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene were carried out as described previously (Chun & Goodfellow, 1995). The resulting gene sequence of strain FR1064 T was aligned manually against sequences obtained from GenBank. Phylogenetic trees were inferred from the regions available for all sequences (positions 28-1433; Escherichia coli numbering system) using the Fitch-Margoliash (Fitch & Margoliash, 1967), maximum-likelihood (Felsenstein, 1981), maximum-parsimony (Fitch, 1971) and neighbour-joining (Saitou ...
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