A multichannel taste sensor whose transducer is composed of several kinds of lipid/polymer membranes with different characteristics can detect taste in a manner similar to human gustatory sensation. Taste information is transformed into a pattern composed of electric signals of membrane potentials of the receptor part. In the present study, it was shown that the suppression of the bitterness of quinine and a drug substance by sucrose can be quantified using a multichannel taste sensor. The present method can be expected to provide a new automated method to measure the strength of bitterness of drug substance in the place of sensory evaluation.
The rates of addition of benzenesulfenyl chloride to ,/3-unsaturated ethers and sulfides have been measured in CCU at 30 °C. Reactivities of alkyl vinyl ethers and sulfides increase with the electron donating ability of alkyl group, p* being -5.4 and -1.7, respectively. /3-Alkyl and /3-methoxy substitutions enhance the reactivity of vinyl ether while -methyl substitution influences it little. Adducts are exclusively the Markownikoff type. With ethyl propenyl ethers, anti addition is slightly dominant over syn addition. It was concluded from these results that the rate-determining transition state resembles a symmetrically bridged sulfonium ion intermediate 23 and that an open carbonium ion mediates between the rate-and product-determining steps.
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