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Recent developments in low-cost CMOS cameras have created the opportunity of bringing imaging capabilities to sensor networks. Various visual sensor platforms have been developed with the aim of integrating visual data to wireless sensor applications. The objective of this article is to survey current visual sensor platforms according to in-network processing and compression/coding techniques together with their targeted applications. Characteristics of these platforms such as level of integration, data processing hardware, energy dissipation, radios and operating systems are also explored and discussed.

The scope, scale, and intensity of real, as well as potential attacks, on the Smart Grid have been increasing and thus gaining more attention. An important component of Smart Grid cybersecurity efforts addresses the availability and access to the power and related information and communications infrastructures. We overload the term, Denial-of-Service (DoS), to refer to these attacks in the Smart Grid. In this paper, we provide a holistic and methodical presentation of the DoS attack taxonomies as well as a survey of potential solution techniques to help draw a more concerted and coordinated research into this area, lack of which may have profound consequences. To the best of our knowledge, the literature does not have such a comprehensive survey study of the DoS attacks and solutions for the Smart Grid. INDEX TERMS Denial-of-Service attacks, Smart grid security, Cybersecurity I. ACRONYMS In order to make the paper more clear and easier to read, we provide a table of acronyms in Table 1

This is a position paper on our views on security aspects of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (Secure WMSNs). It is meant to serve as a brief survey. But, more importantly, it gives a perspective on how we foresee the future of this research area, its main challenges, and its future trends. We believe that this paper will spur new discussions and research ideas among the researchers from both the industry and the academic world.

Transmission power control has paramount importance in the design of energy-efficient wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, we systematically explore the effects of various transmission power control strategies on WSN lifetime with an emphasis on discretization of power levels and strategies for transmission power assignment. We investigate the effects of the granularity of power levels on energy dissipation characteristics through a linear programming framework by modifying a well known and heavily utilized continuous transmission power model (HCB model). We also investigate various transmission power assignment strategies by using two sets of experimental data on Mica motes. A novel family of mathematical programming models are developed to analyze the performance of these strategies. Bandwidth requirements of the proposed transmission power assignment strategies are also investigated. Numerical analysis of our models are performed to characterize the effects of various design parameters and to compare the relative performance of transmission power assignment strategies. Our results show that the granularity of discrete energy consumption has a profound impact on WSN lifetime, furthermore, more fine-grained control of transmission power (i.e., link level control) can extend network lifetime up to 20 % in comparison to optimally-assigned networklevel single transmission power.Index Terms-wireless sensor networks, discrete power levels, mathematical programming, linear programming, mixed integer programming, energy efficiency, bandwidth, network lifetime, transmission power control.