CACs can be detected in PRJs, and are more frequent in common carotid arteries. No significant associations were detected between the presence of unilateral or bilateral CAC in PRJ and hypertension, diabetes, or obesity.
Background. Reperfusion syndrome after carotid endarterectomy is a complication associated with cerebrovascular self-regulation in a chronically hypoperfused cerebral hemisphere, leading to severe neurological damage. Vitamin C is an important antioxidant in brain metabolism that has shown some neuroprotective actions. Objective. To investigate the potential effects of vitamin C on cerebral reperfusion in comparison with placebo (saline) in rats. Methods. Male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: (i) Sham (n=4), animals exposed to carotid arteries dissection without clamping; (ii) Control (n=4), animals that received an intraperitoneal injection of 0.9% saline solution (0.1 mL/kg) and underwent carotid arteries dissection with temporary clamping; (iii) Vitamin C (n=4), animals that received an intraperitoneal injection of vitamin C (750 mg/kg) and underwent carotid arteries dissection with temporary clamping. Behavioral assessment was then performed in all groups, which included the open field, Morris water maze and rotarod tests. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the hippocampus and striatum were measured using a fluorometric assay. Results. Rats treated with vitamin C presented with a similar behavior as compared to the Sham group in all the three tests (p>0.05), but it was significantly different from controls (p<0.05). Vitamin C was also found to reduce MDA levels in both hippocampus and striatum when compared to placebo (p<0.05). Conclusion. In the present study, vitamin C was associated with behavioral and motor preservation as well as decreased cerebral MDA levels after induced cerebral ischemia in rats.
Introdução: A aterosclerose é uma doença inflamatória crônica que pode ser causa de morte e incapacitação física/mental, representando um sério problema de saúde pública devido aos altos custos desprendidos com a reabilitação dos pacientes. Dentre os diferentes métodos para diagnosticar doenças ateroscleróticas, a angiografia é considerada o "padrão-ouro". No entanto, outros métodos de diagnóstico de imagem têm sido citados na literatura. Desde 1981, a presença de determinadas imagens radiopacas em radiografias panorâmicas tem sido descrita como sinal da presença de placas de ateroma carotídeas calcificadas. Apesar do benefício social que a radiografia panorâmica traria como novo método de diagnóstico para esse tipo de doença aterosclerótica, diminuindo assim o risco de acidente vascular cerebral, ainda existem controvérsias na literatura sobre seu uso como método confiável para esse fim. Objetivo: Nessa revisão vamos expor algumas das obras mais relevantes publicadas sobre esse assunto desde o primeiro estudo, em 1981, analisando a possibilidade do uso da radiografia panorâmica como exame de triagem para pacientes suscetíveis a acidente vascular cerebral. Métodos: No período de setembro de 2010 a março de 2011 foram utilizados os bancos de dados eletrônico do Medline e Lilacs para a seleção dos estudos. Foram incluídos aqueles que relacionavam o exame radiográfico panorâmico e a doença aterosclerótica. Conclusão: Existem divergências na literatura estudada, no que se refere à confiabilidade da radiografia panorâmica como método de diagnóstico de pacientes com risco de Acidente Vascular Cerebral. Novos estudos devem ser realizados a fim de determinar a sensibilidade e especificidade, bem como os valores preditivos, positivo e negativo, desse exame na identificação de placa de ateroma carotídea calcificada. Além disso, a generalização do conhecimento sobre o referido tema, bem como a capacitação de cirurgiões dentistas gerais na identificação do problema deve ser instituída. Acidente cerebral vascular; Doenças das artérias carótidas; Radiografia panorâmica. Introduction: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that can cause death and physical/mental disability, representing a serious public health problem due to cost related to the rehabilitation of the patients. Among the different methods to diagnose atherosclerotic disease, angiography is considered the "gold standard". However, other methods of diagnostic imaging have been cited in the literature. Since 1981, the presence of certain radiopaque images in panoramic radiographs has been described as a sign of the presence of calcified carotid atheromatous plaques. Despite the social benefit that panoramic radiography would provide as a new diagnostic method for this type of atherosclerotic disease, thereby reducing the risk of stroke, there is still controversy in literature about its use as a reliable method for this purpose. Objective: This review will expose some of the most relevant works published on this subject since the first study in 1981 exam...
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