Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal utilizar a ferramenta de análise de agrupamentos associada a difratometria de raios--X para classificar mineralogicamente horizontes bauxíticos e seus sólidos residuais da digestão Bayer. Foram utilizadas 172 amostras: 168 de horizontes bauxíticos e 4 de finos cauliníticos derivados da lavagem de bauxitas destes horizontes, da Mina Miltônia 3, Paragominas--PA. Os resultados mostram que as fases mineralógicas presentes em todas as amostras de bauxitas foram: gibbsita, caulinita, Al--goethita, hematita e anatásio. Industrialmente, a distinção desses horizontes é feita quimicamente (teor de alumina aproveitável e sílica reativa -medida indireta da quantidade de gibbsita e caulinita, respectivamente). No entanto, através da análise de agrupamentos, tem--se mais um parâmetro para distinção das fases, no caso a "cristalinidade", apurando a classificação mineralógica/cristaloquímica dos diferentes tipos de bauxitas. Para os sólidos residuais da digestão foi possível observar as fases inertes do processo: Al--goethita, hematita e anatásio; ausência e/ou presença de sodalita, caulinita e gibbsita. Também foi possível pela análise de agrupamentos diferenciar as litologias que continham caulinita(s) mais reativa(s) na digestão Bayer.PALAVRAS--CHAVE: DRX, Análise de Agrupamentos, Bauxita, Sílica Reativa. Cluster Analysis from X--ray Diffraction data: A practical tool for mineralogical classification of bauxites and related products from the Bayer digestion ABSTRACTThe main objective of this work is to use the Cluster Analysis statistical tool from X--ray diffraction data to classify different bauxite types and their related products from the Bayer Digestion. 172 samples were used (168 bauxites and 4 samples from kaolinite--rich fines from bauxite washing. All samples come from the Miltônia 3 mine, Paragominas--PA. The results show that gibbsite, kaolinite, Al--goethite, hematite and anatase are the main minerals present in all samples. In the industry, quality control is carried out mainly using wet chemical methods (available alumina and reactive silica, an indirect measure of the amount of gibbsite and kaolinite, respectively). Meanwhile, by using Cluster Analysis of XRD data, an additional parameter can be evaluated, the "crystallinity" of the minerals from the samples. For the residual solids of the digestion it was also possible to observe the following inert phases: Al--goethite, hematite and anatase; besides the presence or absence of sodalite, kaolinite and gibbsite. It was also possible to observe and differentiate lithologies with kaolinites more reactive in the Bayer digestion.
Introduction: The lactose-intolerant public represents an important portion of the population; however, the diversification of products that serve this population is still very limited. Objective: In this bias, this study aimed to develop a low-lactose yogurt added with blueberry jelly, combining sensory and functional characteristics of the fruit. Method: Different concentrations of β-galactosidase were evaluated in the fermentations, in addition to four formulations of blueberry jelly that were sensorially tested for preference, a formulation was selected and its global acceptance and purchase intent were verified. Results: The use of 1.5 g L- 1 of β-galactosidase allowed for a more significant reduction of lactose during the fermentation process. Of the four jelly formulations tested, the whole fruit was sensory preferred, and the low-lactose two-layer yogurt showed 86% acceptance and 74% purchase intention. Conclusion: It was possible to develop a product with low lactose content and sensorially pleasant to the consumer.
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