The microwave spectrum of MnO in the Σ+6 ground electronic state was detected using a source-modulated submillimeter-wave spectrometer. The MnO radical was efficiently generated by dc sputtering of manganese flakes placed inside a hollow cathode in the presence of an oxygen and helium mixture. In total, 283 spectral lines were measured in the frequency region of 210–450 GHz for nine rotational transitions, each of which showed six fine structure line groups consisting of several hyperfine structure components due to the Mn55 nucleus (I=5/2). A least-squares analysis of the measured line frequencies resulted in the determination of rotational, fine, and hyperfine coupling constants including higher-order spin–orbit distortion terms for the spin–spin, spin–rotation interactions and the Fermi contact interaction of the Mn nucleus. The hyperfine coupling constants were used to assess plausible molecular orbital bonding models.
The Stark effect on the R (0,0.5) ( = 17682.9251 cm ) and P (0,1.5) ( = 17682.1966 cm ) branch features of the (0,0) band system of calcium methoxide, CaOCH , was measured and analyzed to give the permanent electronic dipole moments, , of 1.58(8)D and 1.21(5)D for the and states, respectively. The dipole moments are compared with other monovalent calcium compounds and those predicted from a simple electrostatic model. Pure rotational transitions in the state were recorded using the pump/probe microwave-optical double resonance technique. The proton magnetic hyperfine splitting pattern confirms that the symmetry of the ground electronic state is C . The determined small negative value for the Fermi contact parameter (a = -0.419 MHz) is interpreted in terms of spin polarization effects. The determined spin-rotational parameter (( = 12.45 MHz ) is compared to that of other monovalent calcium compounds and interpreted in terms of the proposed state distribution.
Mechanically hard amorphous carbon nitride films were prepared by a combination of radio frequency (RF) bias voltage applied to a substrate and chemical vapor deposition using a decomposition reaction of BrCN with a microwave discharge flow of Ar. A pulsed operation of the negative RF bias voltage (-V
RF) was applied to avoid excess sputtering of the film. The [N]/([N]+[C]) ratios of the films were ≈0.5 irrespective of the application of -V
RF. The maximum hardness was 36±10 GPa for the film obtained under the conditions of -V
RF=100 V, a pulse period of 1000 s, and a pulse-on time of 800 s. According to the IR spectra, the intensity of the stretching vibration of the C–N bond was increased by the application of -V
RF. The Raman spectra showed increases in the relative intensity and width of the D-band. From these observations, the mechanism of film hardening when -V
RF is applied was discussed.
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