Pseudo Class III malocclusion is characterized by an anterior crossbite with functional forward mandibular displacement. Various appliances have been devised for early treatment of a pseudo Class III. The aim of this article is to highlight the method of construction and use a simple removable appliance termed as "Modified Hawleys appliance with inverted labial bow" to treat psuedo class III malocclusion in the mixed dentition period. It also emphasizes the importance of differentiating between true Class III and pseudo Class III. This appliance in this type of malocclusion enabled the correction of a dental malocclusion in a few months and therapeutic stability of a mesially positioned mandible encouraging favorable skeletal growth.

Objectives:The objective of the study is to assess the skeletal, dental, and soft-tissue effects of PowerScope fixed functional appliance in Class II malocclusion. Materials and Methods: Fifteen late adolescent Class II subjects (CVMI Stages 5 and 6) were treated with fixed mechanotherapy and PowerScope fixed functional appliance. Student t-test was used to compare the cephalometric changes produced before insertion of appliance (T1) and 6 months after the treatment with this appliance (T2). Results: Maxillomandibular relationship improved with significant lengthening of the mandible. There was retroclination of maxillary incisors, proclination of mandibular incisors, extrusion, and sagittal displacement of mandibular molars and clockwise rotation of occlusal plane. Conclusion: PowerScope is effective in correcting Class II malocclusion with a combination of dentoalveolar (primarily) and skeletal changes. abstRactThis is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

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Pathologic tooth migration is a change in tooth position resulting from disruption of the forces that maintain teeth in a normal position in relation to their arch. The disruption of the equilibrium in tooth position may be caused by various etiologic factors. Loss of attachment apparatus along with a non periodontal related condition such as excess occlusal force, a progressive migration of tooth may take place. Mostly this migration can be associated with aesthetic damage of the smile line. To solve these issues, a combination of periodontal and orthodontic treatment is often needed. In this presentation a 23-year-old, systemically healthy, non-smoking female presented with the complaint of bleeding gums, mobility and increased space between upper and lower front teeth causing un-aesthetic appearance and low self esteem. She was treated with interdisciplinary approach of orthodontic and periodontal intervention. Improvement of facial esthetics contributed to the self-confidence of an adult periodontal patient with pathologic tooth migration. Follow up at 10 years post treatment confirmed the good choice of treatment planning and the tendency to improve the results over time. Periodontally compromised orthodontic patients can be satisfactorily treated, achieving correction of the malocclusion and a marked improvement in esthetics when an interdisciplinary approach is used.

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Accidental ingestion of the foreign body can occur during any orthodontic procedure. The majority of these episodes pass uneventfully but some have the potential of causing serious complications like peritonitis, perforation, abscess and even death. The case report of a young boy who ingested expansion key used to give turn to fixed maxillary expansion appliance is presented. This case report describes the management of such unfortunate accidents.