Understanding the behavior of scattered radiation is important for learning appropriate radiation protection methods, but many existing visualization systems for radiation require special devices, making it difficult to use them in education. The purpose of this study was to develop teaching material for radiation protection that can help visualize the scattered radiation with augmented and virtual reality on a web browser, develop a method for using it in education and examine its effectiveness. The distribution of radiation during radiography was calculated using Monte Carlo simulation, and teaching material was created. The material was used in a class for department of radiological technology students and its influence on motivation was evaluated using a questionnaire based on the evaluation model for teaching materials. In addition, text mining was used to evaluate impressions objectively. Educational material was developed that can be used in augmented and virtual reality for studying the behavior of scattered radiation. The results of the questionnaire showed that the average value of each item was more than 4 on a 5-point scale, indicating that the teaching material attracted the interest of users. Through text mining, it could be concluded that there was improved understanding of, and confidence in, radiation protection.
As radiation is widely used in medical institutions, the lack of radiation protection education for health workers increases the risk of radiation exposure. The purpose of this study is to develop an application for radiation medical personnel that visualises the distribution of scattered radiation by using augmented reality (AR). The irradiation conditions for mobile chest and pelvic radiography were simulated using Monte Carlo simulations (Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System). Monte Carlo results were verified using physical measurements. The behaviour of scattered radiation was displayed three-dimensionally in virtual reality using ParaView. Subsequently, an application to visualise scattered rays was developed in Unity for tablet devices. An application with a sense of reality was developed by visualising the scattered radiation distribution of a mobile imaging in a real space in AR in a three-dimensional size, which is close to the actual size. The radiation dose could be estimated at any position and the behaviour of scattered radiation became easier to understand.
Radiation protection education is difficult for some radiological workers to taking because they are busy with medical work. In radiation protection, understanding the behaviour of scattered radiation is important for reducing exposure. Although applications that visualize the behaviour of scattered radiation using augmented reality or virtual reality have been developed, such applications are limited by the need to download the application and the performance of the device. We have developed a system that can be used in a web browser to visualize the behaviour of scattered radiation more easily. Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the behaviour of scattered radiation during radiography using a portable X-ray machine. An augmented reality (AR) system was developed using A-Frame, an open-source web framework, and AR.js, which adds the AR function. Finally, the behaviour of scattered radiation was observed using various devices. With AR, the behaviour of scattered radiation was visualized in three dimensions. The newly developed AR system can be used with web browsers to easily learn the behaviour of scattered rays without the need for special devices.
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