A combination of MRI, MR angiography and MR tomographic angiography (MRTA) was used to study the relationship of the root exit zone of the trigeminal nerve to surrounding vascular structures in seven patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and ten patients with no evidence at a lesion in this region. MRTA is the technique for showing the relationship between vessels, cranial nerves and brain stem. MRTA clearly demonstrated the presence of a vessel at the root exit zone of the trigeminal nerve in all patients with TN. In the ten other patients, examination of 20 trigeminal nerves revealed that only one nerve (5%) was in contact with a vessel at the root exit zone. This study supports vascular compression of trigeminal nerves as a cause of TN, and demonstrates the value of MRTA as noninvasive technique for demonstrating compression.
Circulation Journal Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society http://www. j-circ.or.jpThe sirolimus-eluting stent (SES [Cypher, Cordis/Johnson & Johnson, Miami, FL, USA]), one of the most widely used first-generation drug-eluting stents (DES), significantly reduced the rate of target lesion revascularization (TLR) compared with BMS implants in randomized control trials. 4-7 However, all the well-designed studies of DES have excluded HD patients in order to avoid clinical heterogeneity of the study population. Several papers reported that HD patients showed poor clinical outcomes after PCI with SES compared with non-HD patients. 8,9 However, the effect of HD on long-term clinical outcomes after SES implantation has not been fully evaluated, so the goal of the present study was to evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes of HD patients undergoing PCI with SES. oronary artery disease (CAD) is present in over 50% of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD). 1 Cardiovascular disease, including heart failure (HF) and myocardial infarction (MI), is the leading cause of death among HD patients and accounts for approximately 30% of all-cause death. ESRD patients, including those on HD, have an increased risk of restenosis and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); either balloon angioplasty alone or bare-metal stent (BMS) implantation. 2 A recent report showed advantages of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in HD patients.
E/e' ratio affects iFR values. Our results suggest that FFR mainly reflects the functional severity of the epicardial stenosis whereas iFR could potentially be influenced by not only epicardial stenosis but also other factors related to LV filling pressure or LV diastolic dysfunction. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms that influence the evaluation of iFR in patients with elevated E/e'.
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