Objectives
This study sought to provide an overview of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in dialysis patients from a Japanese nationwide registry.
Background
Little is known about dialysis patients undergoing PCI because few are enrolled in clinical trials.
Methods
We analyzed 624,900 PCI cases including 41,384 dialysis patients (6.6%) from 1,017 Japanese hospitals between 2014 and 2016. We investigated differences in characteristics and ināhospital outcomes between dialysis and nondialysis patients, and assessed factors associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes.
Results
Dialysis patients had more comorbidities than nondialysis patients and higher rates of complications including ināhospital mortality (3.3% vs. 1.5%, respectively, in the acute coronary syndrome [ACS] cohort, 0.2% vs. 0.1% in the nonāACS cohort) and bleeding complications requiring blood transfusion (1.1% vs. 0.4% in ACS, 0.5% vs. 0.2% in nonāACS). Dialysis was significantly associated with an increased risk of ināhospital mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24ā1.62 in ACS, OR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.66ā3.05 in nonāACS) and bleeding (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.30ā1.96 in ACS, OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.27ā1.88 in nonāACS). For dialysis patients, age, acute heart failure, and cardiogenic shock were associated with an increased risk of ināhospital mortality in the ACS cohort, whereas age, female gender, and history of heart failure were associated with higher ināhospital mortality in the nonāACS cohort.
Conclusions
PCI was widely performed for dialysis patients with either ACS or nonāACS in Japan. Dialysis patients had a greater risk of adverse outcomes than nondialysis patients after PCI.