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Several counter measures have been carried out for mitigating heat island effect. One of those is installing on top of the roof with base materials having planted vegetation. The base materials are required good water absorption and retention which is necessary for the plant to survive. Therefore, in this study, we investigate the relationship between water absorption and water retention within the pore structures of porous ceramics. The raw materials of the ceramics were used waste resources. The structures were changed by different state foaming additive. It was found that the water absorption was dependent on open porosity and the pore size. The water retention, was reduced excessively with high porosity. Accordingly, the control of pore structure is described in details in this study.

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CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics), which is increasingly applied to airplanes, automobiles, production equipment for electronic device, and so on, is machined after molding process. Grinding is often used for edge finishing * 原稿受付 2013 年 8 月 9 日 *1 正員，岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科(〒700-8530 岡山県岡山市北区津島中 3-1-1) *2 JFE スチール (株) (〒721-8510 広島県福山市鋼管町 1) *3 学生員，岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 *4 岡山県工業技術センター(〒701-1296 岡山県岡山市北区芳賀 5301) *5 正員，フェロー，岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科

In cylindrical traverse grinding of a long workpiece with high aspect ratio, the shape accuracy of a workpiece worsens due to its low stiffness. In this study, the grinding force was measured during grinding process to calculate the elastic deformation of a workpiece caused by the normal grinding force. By comparing calculated elastic deformation with the measured shape error of ground workpiece, the cause for the shape error in case of grinding a long workpiece was investigated experimentally. From experimental results, it is confirmed that the main factor of the shape error of the long workpiece is its elastic deformation during grinding process.

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In mass production cylindrical grinding operations, the ground surface finish has never been measured in each grinding cycles because existing surface roughness testers take a relatively long time to measure surface finishes, and the introduction of a surface roughness tester in each grinding cycle would affect mass production processes. Therefore, the surface finish of all parts manufactured in a production lot is generally evaluated based on the measured results of only few parts by sampling checks. We have proposed a unique quick technique for measuring surface roughness. It uses electromotive force based on the slight frictional heat to evaluate the surface finish of cylindrical workpieces rotating on cylindrical grinding machines, and it can do this in a split second just after each grinding cycle, so it does not hamper mass production grinding processes. The proposed quick measurement system can capture the variations in surface finish in a set of repeated cylindrical grinding cycles without dressing. The possibility of accurate judging dressing time by using the quick measurement system in mass production grinding processes is shown experimentally.