Influence of Grinding Atmosphere on Grinding Characteristics of CFRP (Effect of Soluble Coolant or Liquid Nitrogen Supply)

Ohashi, Kazuhito; Maeno, Hayato; Fujihara, Ryohei; Kubota, Shinichirou; Yoshikawa, Mitsuo; Tsukamoto, Shinya

doi:10.1299/kikaic.79.5068

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Under the condition of cryogenic cooling, shear failure is dominant at 135°, tensile failure at 90°, and tensile failure and compression failure at 45° (Fig. 9 [31,158]). Surface damage, such as the attached fiber/ matrix dust particle, fiber fracture, cavities, fiber/matrix de-cohesion in dry condition, and pull-out of fibers in cryogenic conditions, were the governing factors in 45°f iber orientation.…”

Section: Cryogenic Coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wavy surfaces were observed in the 45° direction, whereas matrix cracking and fiber pullout were suffered because of the high cutting force and resin softening in the 90° and 135° directions. Morkavuk et al [158] proposed a new cryogenic cooling machining method that immersed the workpiece in cryogenic LN 2 for slot milling of CFRP. The results showed the combination of different damage modes, such as fiber peeling, micro matrix crack, fiber drawing, bundle drawing, delamination, and fiber fracture.…”

Section: Cryogenic Coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cryogenic cooling makes the structure of the workpiece brittle, prevents the thermal damage of the machined surface, improves the fragility of the chip, and reduces the peeling factor, surface roughness, and delamination damage (Fig. 9 [158]). Ohashi et al [159] believed that liquid nitrogen had a certain effect on preventing delamination, but its grinding force was greater than dry grinding, because solidification increased the hardness of CFRP.…”

Section: Cryogenic Coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 2 [31,61,[150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158]161,162] lists the temperature conditions under different cryogenic medium modes and their comparison with dry processing results.…”

Section: Cryogenic Coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mechanisms and advantages of cryogenic cooling in the machining of fiber-reinforced composites. Reproduced with permission from Refs [31,158]. from Elsevier.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fiber-reinforced composites in milling and grinding: machining bottlenecks and advanced strategies

et al. 2022

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Fiber-reinforced composites have become the preferred material in the fields of aviation and aerospace because of their high-strength performance in unit weight. The composite components are manufactured by near net-shape and only require finishing operations to achieve final dimensional and assembly tolerances. Milling and grinding arise as the preferred choices because of their precision processing. Nevertheless, given their laminated, anisotropic, and heterogeneous nature, these materials are considered difficult-to-machine. As undesirable results and challenging breakthroughs, the surface damage and integrity of these materials is a research hotspot with important engineering significance. This review summarizes an up-to-date progress of the damage formation mechanisms and suppression strategies in milling and grinding for the fiber-reinforced composites reported in the literature. First, the formation mechanisms of milling damage, including delamination, burr, and tear, are analyzed. Second, the grinding mechanisms, covering material removal mechanism, thermal mechanical behavior, surface integrity, and damage, are discussed. Third, suppression strategies are reviewed systematically from the aspects of advanced cutting tools and technologies, including ultrasonic vibration-assisted machining, cryogenic cooling, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), and tool optimization design. Ultrasonic vibration shows the greatest advantage of restraining machining force, which can be reduced by approximately 60% compared with conventional machining. Cryogenic cooling is the most effective method to reduce temperature with a maximum reduction of approximately 60%. MQL shows its advantages in terms of reducing friction coefficient, force, temperature, and tool wear. Finally, research gaps and future exploration directions are prospected, giving researchers opportunity to deepen specific aspects and explore new area for achieving high precision surface machining of fiber-reinforced composites.

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Section: Cryogenic Coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cryogenic Coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cryogenic Coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cryogenic Coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mechanisms and advantages of cryogenic cooling in the machining of fiber-reinforced composites. Reproduced with permission from Refs [31,158]. from Elsevier.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fiber-reinforced composites in milling and grinding: machining bottlenecks and advanced strategies

et al. 2022

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Tool wear and surface quality during milling CFRP laminates under dry and LN2-based cryogenic conditions

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Grindability of carbon fiber reinforced polymer using CNT biological lubricant

Gao

Zhang

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

127

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Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) easily realizes the integrated manufacturing of components with high specific strength and stiffness, and it has become the preferred material in the aerospace field. Grinding is the key approach to realize precision parts and matching the positioning surface for assembly and precision. Hygroscopicity limits the application of flood lubrication in CFRP grinding, and dry grinding leads to large force, surface deterioration, and wheel clogging. To solve the above technical bottleneck, this study explored the grindability and frictional behavior of CNT biological lubricant MQL through grinding experiments and friction-wear tests. Results showed that the CNT biological lubricant reduced the friction coefficient by 53.47% compared with dry condition, showing optimal and durable antifriction characteristics. The new lubrication was beneficial to suppressing the removal of multifiber block debris, tensile fracture, and tensile-shear fracture, with the advantages of tribological properties and material removal behavior, the tangential and normal grinding force, and the specific grinding energy were reduced by 40.41%, 31.46%, and 55.78%, respectively, compared with dry grinding. The proposed method reduced surface roughness and obtained the optimal surface morphology by preventing burrs, fiber pull-out, and resin smearing, and wheel clogging was prevented by temperature reduction and lubricating oil film formation. Sa and Sq of the CNT biological lubricant were reduced by 8.4% and 7.9%, respectively, compared with dry grinding. This study provides a practical basis for further application of CNT biological lubricant in CFRP grinding.

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Influence of Grinding Atmosphere on Grinding Characteristics of CFRP (Effect of Soluble Coolant or Liquid Nitrogen Supply)

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Fiber-reinforced composites in milling and grinding: machining bottlenecks and advanced strategies

Fiber-reinforced composites in milling and grinding: machining bottlenecks and advanced strategies

Tool wear and surface quality during milling CFRP laminates under dry and LN2-based cryogenic conditions

Grindability of carbon fiber reinforced polymer using CNT biological lubricant

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