RESUMENEsta investigación bibliográfica, exploratoria y descriptiva con enfoque cuantitativo, buscó identificar estudios de enfermería en la atención a la salud del anciano y analizar la producción de este conocimiento en cinco periódicos de enfermería publicados en 2005. Los resultados demostraron que el número de publicaciones en esta área es muy limitada (3.7%). Estando centralizada en los estados de São Paulo (40%) y Rio de Janeiro (28%),predominó el enfoque cualitativo (50%), siendo identificados varios referenciales teóricos-metodológicos. Los objetos más estudiados fueron las necesidades de salud y el cuidador, con 33.3% para cada caso, el profesor estuvo presente como autor de todas las publicaciones. Se concluyó que existe necesidad de producir en Enfermería conocimiento sobre la Atención a la Salud del Anciano, así como para dar visibilidad a esta temática, siendo necesario reconocer y consolidar esta especialidad como una área profesional, con investigadores competentes y políticas nacionales e incentivos a la investigación. DESCRIPTORES
The lives of hospitalized patients depend on diagnostic-therapeutic procedures and on the care provided by the health team. It also depends on the quality and availability of factors such as: physical structure and material and human and financial resources. The need to optimize these resources and re-establish patients' health has brought about the Intensive Care Units (ICU), whose design must consider the physical environment and clinical equipment which are indispensable in health care. Aiming at identifying the level of knowledge of health professionals as to technical and operational information in equipment manuals and the perception of the interviewed professionals in relation to the adequacy of the physical and electrical installations of such units, we conducted a descriptive study in an ICU of a public hospital in Salvador, Brazil. The results show that such installations were considered to be unsuitable for the safe development of activities and that most of the health team members did not know the technical or operational specifications in the equipment manuals.
The study aimed to apprehend the Social Representations of nurses on nocturnal work. It was based on the Theory of Social Representations with qualitative and quantitative approaches. The free evocations of 25 nurses in a public hospital in SalvadorBahia were collected, that underwent the Factorial Analysis of Correspondence (FAC). The FAC revealed on the opposition game demonstrated, in Factor 1, opposition between shifts service and, in Factor 2, age x length of service. Seized on the semantic universe of nurses the nocturnal work is a Responsibility Work, Hard Work, Initiative Work and Financial Need. The nurses refer to the nocturnal work through representations that give normative character, prescribing attitudes and behaviors socially constructed and accepted as from the category itself, emphasizing the historical development of the profession. Those results indicate the need for strategies that contribute to the development of policies for managing people, considering the specifi city, subjectivity and complexity of nocturnal work. Key words: Nursing; Nocturnal Work; Workers. RESUMENObjetivó-se aprehender las Representaciones Sociales de enfermeras sobre el trabajo nocturno. El estudio estuvo basado en la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales, con abordaje cuantitativo y cualitativo. Recogió-se evocaciones libres de 25 enfermeras de un hospital público en Salvador-Bahía, y se sometieron a Análisis Factorial de Correspondencias (AFC). El AFC revelada en el juego de oposiciones ha demostrado, en el Factor 1, oposición entre los turnos de servicio y, en el Factor 2, edad x años de servicio. Aprehendió-se, en el universo semántico de las enfermeras, el trabajo nocturno como Trabajo de Responsabilidad, Trabajo Duro, Trabajo de Iniciativa y Necesidad Financiera. Los enfermeros refi eren-se al trabajo nocturno a través de representaciones que dan normativos, actitudes y conductas de prescripción socialmente construidas y aceptadas como categoría propia, haciendo hincapié en el desarrollo histórico de la profesión. Estos resultados apuntan la necesidad de estrategias que contribuyan al desarrollo de políticas de gestión de personas, considerando la especifi cidad, subjetividad y complejidad del trabajo nocturno.
This study had as a goal to identify the nursing practice in management of material resources in a general hospital. It is a descriptive work of quanti-qualitative nature, performed in four ICU's (Intensive Care Units) among the largest general hospitals in Salvador-Bahia. It has been observed that (only) in three out of four Units, there was the presence of nurses in the commission of material purchase and selection. In addition, the participation of the nursing group in the process of material prevision and control is the lowest, there is lack of evaluation of purchased material; resulting, in turn, in the not occasional presence, of second line, useless and of low quality materials which directly or indirectly affect the provided care. It has been noticed that the nursing performance in material resources management became restrict, only for the reposition of these consumed materials, without, therefore, an effective and efficient insertion in the process of prevision, selection, purchasing and controlling.
Estudo descritivo e analítico, com abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa, objetivando apreender as representações sociais construídas por enfermeiras sobre o trabalho noturno, através da determinação do núcleo central e sistema periférico. Foram coletadas evocações livres, produzidas por 25 enfermeiras de um hospital de ensino da rede pública, na cidade de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, em 2008/1, a partir da expressão indutora Trabalho Noturno da Enfermeira, e submetidos à análise do quadro de quatro casas. Os resultados evidenciaram a estrutura da Representação Social, tendo como elementos centrais: responsabilidade, árduo, estressante, sofrimento e autonomia; e como elementos periféricos: ética, necessidade financeira, dupla jornada, sobrecarga e iniciativa. Estes resultados indicam a necessidade de reflexões para o desenvolvimento de estratégias que contribuam para as políticas de gestão de pessoal, considerando a especificidade, a subjetividade e a complexidade do trabalho noturno.
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