Some recent studies have found a relation between the number of siblings 3-4-year-old children have and their performance on false belief tasks. 2 experiments reported here examine a variety of factors in children's social environments, including daily contact with peers and adults as well as the numbers of their siblings, on a battery of false belief tests. In Experiment 1, 82 preschoolers were studied in Rethymnon, Crete, in order to obtain a range of extended kin available as a resource for the child. In Experiment 2, 75 Cypriot preschoolers were studied in Nicosia in order to examine the influences of each child's daily social contacts, as measured by maternal questionnaire. Logistic regression revealed that the factors which account for most of the predicted variance on the theory of mind tests were (a) the number of adult kin available (Experiment 1) or adults interacted with daily (Experiment 2), (b) the child's age, (c) the number of older siblings a child has, and (d) the number of older children interacted with daily. The results suggested that theory of mind is not simply passed from one sibling to another in a process of social influence. It seems more likely that a variety of knowledgeable members of her or his culture influence the apprentice theoretician of mind.
Some recent studies have found a relation between the number of siblings 3-4-year-old children have and their performance on false belief tasks. 2 experiments reported here examine a variety of factors in children's social environments, including daily contact with peers and adults as well as the numbers of their siblings, on a battery of false belief tests. In Experiment 1, 82 preschoolers were studied in Rethymnon, Crete, in order to obtain a range of extended kin available as a resource for the child. In Experiment 2, 75 Cypriot preschoolers were studied in Nicosia in order to examine the influences of each child's daily social contacts, as measured by maternal questionnaire. Logistic regression revealed that the factors which account for most of the predicted variance on the theory of mind tests were (a) the number of adult kin available (Experiment 1) or adults interacted with daily (Experiment 2), (b) the child's age, (c) the number of older siblings a child has, and (d) the number of older children interacted with daily. The results suggested that theory of mind is not simply passed from one sibling to another in a process of social influence. It seems more likely that a variety of knowledgeable members of her or his culture influence the apprentice theoretician of mind.
Comparative research on parenting styles among Nordic and Mediterranean countries is still missing, despite the increasing number of studies on parenting styles in adolescence. This study explores similarities and differences in adolescents’ retrospective perceptions of parenting styles, for both parents, in Sweden, Italy and Greece, using the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire. In particular, it examines the relation between parental role, adolescent gender, country of origin, SES and these perceptions. Swedish, Italian and Greek adolescents (N = 702; 30.9% Swedish, 39.6% Italian and 29.5% Greek) participated in the study. To test the principal effects three mixed 2(parent; mother and father)*2(gender; girl and boy)*3(countries; Sweden, Italy and Greece)*3(SES; low, medium and high) ANOVAs were conducted separately for each parenting style. To verify the interaction effects, a mixed 2(parent; mother and father)*3(countries; Sweden, Italy and Greece)*3(SES; low, medium and high) ANOVA was tested on authoritative style. Regarding authoritarian and permissive two mixed 2(parent; mother and father)*2(gender; girl and boy)*3(countries; Sweden, Italy and Greece) ANOVAs were tested. Mothers, as compared to fathers, were perceived as more authoritative, authoritarian and permissive. Moreover, boys perceived their parents as more authoritarian and more permissive than girls. Swedish parents were perceived as significantly less authoritarian than Italian and Greek parents and more permissive than Italian parents; Greek parents were perceived as less authoritarian and more permissive than Italian parents. The study provides an interesting contribution to parenting styles literature, showing how country legislation concerning family matters and SES are related the perception of parenting behaviours.
This study was designed to examine whether there is a relationship between phonological memory and reading ability in Greek-speaking children aged between 6 and 9 years. An additional aim of the study was to investigate whether training of phonological memory during preschool years enhances reading achievement during early school years. In Experiment I, the phonological memory ability of /36 first graders, 134 second graders and /32from each of the third andfourth grades was assessed with a nonword repetition test. A reading test was also used to evaluate the reading skills of the above subjects. The results revealed strong links between reading performance and nonword repetition scores. 120 kindergarten children randomly assigned to a control and an experimental group participated in Experiment 2. Training that involved practice in the repetition of nonwords was used as a means ofpromoting the phonological memory ofthe children in the experimental group over the course of one year in school. Subjects' reading ability was tested during the last month of their first year in the primary school. The findings showed that the performance of the trained subjects in the reading test was superior to that of the control subjects. Such evidence underlines the importance of teaching children ofpreschool years phonological strategies in order to boost their reading skills during early school years.There is by now compelling evidence showing the relationship between phonological memory skills and children's ability to learn to read, to learn new words, and to understand language (for reviews see Fijalkow, 1999; Garhercole & Baddeley, 1993b). The task of repeating meaningless phonological items (non words or pseudowords) like "plistont" or "fleponist" has been widely used by researchers over the past twenty years to evaluate phonological memory skills in children having problems of language processing and in normal I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to Georgia Katsimalis and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on earlier versions of this paper.
Background: Patient satisfaction is used as an important indicator of quality care and is frequently included in healthcare planning and evaluation. A cross sectional study was conducted to examine the relationship between cancer patients' satisfaction with nursing care in order to assist nurses in defining more clearly their roles in 10 government teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Method:A proportional stratified sampling method was used and data were collected via face-to-face interviews based on a validated Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ) within a 3 month period. A total of 384 cancer patients aged 14 years old and above was selected. Result:The majority of respondents were males 201 (52.3%), age group 45-54 years 102 (26.4%); and with family monthly income US$200-500, 234 (60.9%). The highest number and percentage 375 (97.7%) of respondents were admitted at general room, and 204(54.0%) of them were admitted at teaching hospital B of The University of Medical Science. The findings revealed that a vast majority of these respondents (82.8%) were satisfied with the nursing care provided to them, while the others (17.2%) were not. There was a significant relationship between patients' satisfaction and University's hospital, types of treatment (P≤0.05). Also; the University's hospitals was the best predictor for level of satisfaction. Conclusion: This study found that most of the respondents were satisfied with the nursing care, though they suggested some improvements especially with respect to interpersonal relation. Further research is needed to study in-depth the socio-cultural and environment parameters relevant to patients' satisfaction of nursing care.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.