Nanosponges are nanosized drug carriers with a three-dimensional structure created by crosslinking polymers. They have the advantage of being able to hold a wide range of drugs of various sizes. Nanosponges come in a variety of shapes and sizes. They are distinguished by the research method used, the type of polymer used, and the type of drug they may contain. Nanosponges are superior to other delivery systems because they can provide a controlled drug release pattern with targeted drug delivery. The period of action, as well as the drug’s residence time, may be regulated. Since it is made of biodegradable materials, it has a low toxicity and is safe to use. The efficiency of drug encapsulation is determined by the size of the drug molecule and the amount of void space available. Cancer, enzyme and biocatalyst carrier, oxygen delivery, solubility enhancement, enzyme immobilization, and poison absorbent are some of the applications for nanosponges. The method of preparation, characterization, factors affecting nanosponge development, drug loading and release mechanism, recent developments in this area, and patents filed in the area of nanosponges are all highlighted in this study.
Nanosponges are drug carriers that are nanoscale in size and have a three-dimensional structure generated by crosslinking polymers. They have the benefit of being able to carry a variety of medications of varied sizes. Nanosponges are available in a wide range of shapes and sizes. The study method, the type of polymer employed, and the sort of medicine they may include are all distinguishing factors. Nanosponges outperform conventional drug delivery methods by allowing for a regulated drug release pattern and targeted medication delivery. The duration of action and the duration of the drug's stay in the body can both be controlled. It has minimal toxicity and is safe to use because it is constructed of biodegradable components. The size of the drug molecule and the amount of space available determine the efficacy of drug encapsulation. Nanosponges have multiple uses in various fields and are not just limited to the field of drug delivery. This paper highlights the method to prepare nanosponges, the evaluation parameters, and the factors which affect the development of nanosponges.
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