Sixty dairy goats of the Polish white improved breed were randomly assigned to five feeding groups of twelve animals each. The animals received a supplement containing seven herbs at 20 or 40 g/animal/day (experimental groups 1 and 2) and a supplement containing nine herbs at 20 or 40 g/animal/day (experimental groups 3 and 4)m, along with pelleted concentrate feed. Group 5 (the control group) received pelleted feed without any herbal supplements. A significant effect of herbal feed additive on lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count was observed (p < 0.001). The highest number density of LAB was found in the goats receiving the feed additive with nine herbs at 20 g/animal per day (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant effect of lactation stage on intestinal LAB count (p < 0.001). Regardless of the feeding group, the highest number density of LAB was found in animals at the peak of lactation. The LAB count was also affected by the interaction of diet group × lactation stage (p < 0.0001). A probiotic strain of Lactobacillus fermentum was identified in the faecal samples of goats receiving the herbal additive, but not in the controls. Genetic identification of the microorganisms isolated from the faeces of the experimental goats did not reveal the presence of harmful mould spores, although spores of the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus were detected in the controls.
Flax and hemp, two plants traditionally associated with European civilization, are a source of many extremely valuable ingredients that are simply necessary for health. Flax is one of the noblest plants. It is the richest plant source of nutrients sought for by man. Linseed is extremely rich in mucous compounds, proteins, sterols, organic acids, enzymes, mineral salts, unsaturated glycerides. The most valuable component of flax seeds is oil, the content of which can reach up to 40%. The unique linseed oil contains over 90% unsaturated fatty acids (EFA), of which more than half are omega-3 fatty acids. Hemp leaves and inflorescence contain phytocannabinoids, which are responsible for a number of biological effects, e.g. antidepressant, anti-emetic, analgesic, anti-cancer, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory and antiatherosclerotic activity. In recent years, the topic of endocannabinoid deficiency syndrome often appears in the professional press, which is explained by the fact that biological evolution cannot keep up with rapid lifestyle changes.
The necessity of launching new dairy products for modern diets has led to the development of a new application of cold pressed linseed oil. The Institute of Natural Fibers and Medicinal Plants in Poznań developed a linseed butter combining the health benefits of butter and cold pressed high-linolenic linseed oil. This combination enables dietary supplementation with omega-3 acids in the form of a component obtained from flax seeds. In relation to other oils available on the market, flaxseed oil is characterized by the highest content of omega-3 acids and a very high content of unsaturated acids.
SummaryIntroduction:Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. is an annual plant with small flowers in yellow and claret. In dyeing process, a whole range of colours can be obtained using various methods.Objective: The aim of the study was to present a wide range of colors of the little-known plant C. tinctoria. and its health promoting properties.Methods: In our research, we selected 3 types of wool: Polish Merino, Żelaźnieńska, and Polish Lowland Sheep and compared the colours obtained on these wools using 6 dyeing methods.Results: The results indicate that the basic colour of wool influences the intensity of colour after dyeing as well as the type of the used mordant, which determines the obtained colour. A whole range of very intense colours was obtained from very small flowers of C. tinctoria.Conclusions: Flowers are a very good and efficient raw material that gives intense colors on wool. An additional advantage is the plant's health-promoting properties. The plant is still little explored in this respect.
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