Purpose: Catalase (cat) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentration in blood platelets were determined in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: The study was carried out in a group of 36 patients, men and women, aged 21-50 years old. They were divided into groups dependently on the degree of motor disability and duration of the disease. The control group included 15 healthy individuals of similar age to the study group. The activity of catalase was estimated according to the method by Beers and Sizer. Glutathione peroxidase activity was determined by the method of Sedlak and Lindsay, modified by Little and O'Brien. The concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in blood platelets was carried out using the method by Placer et al. Results: We observed a lower level of TBARS concentration in platelets of MS patients than in control group with an enhanced activities of both antioxidative enzymes on the basis of disability degree and duration of the disease. Conclusions: Catalase and glutathione peroxidase protect blood platelets from lipid peroxidation process in multiple sclerosis patients and may play a role in the course of the disease. It may also suggest involvement of lipid peroxidation in the activity of multiple sclerosis.
Introduction The coexistence of depression and anxiety disorder significantly worsens the results of treatment and increases the risk of recurrent cardiovascular incidents. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of cardiac rehabilitation on anxiety and depression symptoms in patients after interventional cardiology or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Material and Methods The study enrolled 40 participants aged 70.75±7.38 years, treated interventionally for ACS or undergoing urgent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Patients participated in 3-week stationary early cardiac rehabilitation. At the beginning and end of the study, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were performed. Results 92.5% of subjects had at least one comorbidity, mostly hypertension (67.5%) and heart failure (60.0%). At the beginning the BDI level was 14.55±6.47; depression symptoms were present in 65% of subjects. At the end, BDI decreased significantly to 8.28±5.26; p<0.001. BDI was statistically significantly higher at the beginning and end in women than in men (17.94±7.07 vs. 11.78±4.40; p<0.05 and 10.56±5.90 vs. 6.41±3.88; p<0.01). Persons before rehabilitation were characterized by medium and low levels of STAI-X1 anxiety (31.80±7.24 and STAI-X2: 35.98±8.29). Finally, anxiety decreased statistically significantly to 26.40±6.30 and 29.80±6.57; p<0.001. At the beginning and end, it strongly correlated positively with the severity of depressive symptoms (STAI-X1 R=0.76; p<0.001, STAI-X2 R=0.70; p<0.001 and R=0.76; p<0.001, R=0.70; p<0.001). Conclusions Cardiac rehabilitation contributes significantly to reducing anxiety levels and reducing symptoms of depression. Implementation of these interventions as soon as possible brings the best results, contributing to reducing the risk of coronary events.
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