Carotenoids are isoprenoid pigments used in food, chemical, textile, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. They act not only as dyes and provitamins A but also have antioxidants, photoprotective, antimicrobial properties, among others. This class of pigment can be obtained traditionally by plants or chemical synthesis, but they have some disadvantages. In recent years, search for alternative sources has been an important strategy for the carotenoid industries. Microbial synthesis is an alternative that has shown good yields, speed, and reduced production costs. Hostile environments, such as the Caatinga domain, represent an interesting source of microorganisms that produce biomolecules, especially carotenoids, because of oxidative stress caused by sunlight. Thus, this region has been attracting the attention of the scientific community and industry for the use of these organisms in the production of carotenoids and applications in cosmetic products; since these compounds have interesting antioxidant and photoprotective properties. In this review, general characteristics of carotenoids, sources of production, industrial applicability, and commercialization will be discussed, as well as perspectives on the production of carotenoids from microorganisms isolated from the Caatinga and their application in anti-UV products.
Introduction: In recent years there has been a considerable increase in the use of plastic products for different purposes. Many of the plastics generated are dumped into the environment inappropriately. Therefore, it is possible to find plastic waste in different ecosystems, with the marine environment being one of the most impacted. The objective of this review is to identify the impacts of microplastics on the environment and their impact on human health. Methodology: This work corresponds to a narrative literature review, using articles published from 2017 to 2022. The search for articles was carried out in the following databases: Sciencedirect, Scholar Google and Springer-Verlag, using the descriptors: microplastics, plastic pollution and environmental impact. Result: Plastics discarded in the environment go through different processes, such as environmental and biological stresses synergistically which allow these plastics to be broken down into particles smaller than 5 mm called microplastics. The current scenario of microplastic pollution is in evidence and has been causing concern to researchers around the world, since these pollutants are complex contaminants and have significant toxic effects. Current research proves that prolonged exposure to these particles jeopardizes the survival of marine life and induces serious damage to human health, since they can cause damage to the cell and its genetic material, in addition to providing a surface for the transport of microorganisms. And other chemical compounds. Conclusion: Studies show that microplastics pose potential risks to the marine environment and threaten human health, requiring urgent action to recover and avoid environmental impacts.
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The assessment of aquatic contaminants through biomarkers is an efficient approach in studies of environmental risk and impact since it detects the effects of living beings exposed to the polluted environment early. In this sense, this study aims to demonstrate the use of metallothionein, acetylcholinesterase, micronuclei, comet assay, and cytochrome P450 biomarkers, correlating them
Brazil is one of the main exporters of agricultural products and is one of the largest consumers of pesticides in the world. Bahia stands out in irrigated agriculture, with growth at the national and international level exports. The aim of this study is to describe and analyze the spatial distribution, and the epidemiological profile of the population with confirmed cases of pesticides intoxication in the state of Bahia-Brazil, from 2007 to 2017. It is an ecological and retrospective study of a series, with secondary data collected at the Department of Informatics of the System Of Health (DATASUS), on notifications and confirmed cases of pesticide poisoning in the state in 2007 to 2017. In Bahia, about 1,632 notifications of exogenous pesticide poisoning in the investigated period, confirming about 1137 cases. The main age group affected by these intoxications were related to 20-39 years of age. The results of this study show the increase in the number of notified and confirmed cases in Bahia during years from 2007 to 2017, thus suggesting the carrying out of research on the subject in this and other Brazilian states, in order to monitor and evaluate the causes of these pesticide poisoning, and improve health promotion.
Introdução: A doença de Alzheimer (DA) é uma patologia neurodegenerativa progressiva e irreversível que acarreta perda de memória e diversos distúrbios cognitivos, como o comprometimento da memória, dificuldade de linguagem e mudanças comportamentais. Essa patologia aparece com maior prevalência em indivíduos com idade mais avançada (+65 anos). Em razão das características da DA e de seus diversos métodos complementares para diagnóstico, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a Espectroscopia de Prótons por Ressonância Magnética para diagnóstico desta patologia. Metodologia: Este trabalho refere-se a uma pesquisa bibliográfica de abordagem qualitativa do tipo exploratória. No qual, foram realizadas buscas em bases nacionais e internacionais, Medline, Scientific Eletronic Library On-line (SCIELO), Scholar Google (Google Acadêmico), Pubmed e Biblioteca virtual de saúde (Bvs), considerarando-se elegíveis os estudos nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa. Resultados: A DA atinge principalmente pessoas com mais de 60 anos, aumentando a probabilidade com o envelhecimento dos indivíduos, visto que suas manifestações ocorrem por degradação cognitiva e da memória, configurando, portanto, em uma patologia neurodegenerativa O diagnóstico da DA é preestabelecido junto à exclusão de outras possíveis causas para a demência. Essa exclusão é realizada por meio de exames clínicos, laboratoriais e neuroimagem cerebral. Conclusion: A técnica de neuroimagem por espectroscopia de prótons na ressonância magnética demonstra especificidade na quantificação dos metabólitos de N-acetilaspartato (NAA), Mio-inositol (MI), colina (Cho), Cho e Creatina (Cr) na DA, sendo uma alternativa viável para o estudo in vivo do paciente, uma vez que não representa uma análise invasiva.
Introdução: A COVID-19 é uma doença infectocontagiosa causada pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2, responsável por acometer principalmente os pulmões e desencadear patologias respiratórias, como também desenvolver problemas hepáticos, neurológicas e gastrointestinais. O objetivo desta revisão sistemática foi realizar um levantamento de estudos com os principais marcadores laboratoriais de pacientes com COVID-19 relacionando as anormalidades destes resultados com a predição clínica de pacientes graves e não graves. Metodologia: Este estudo foi conduzido seguindo as diretrizes metodológicas de uma Revisão Sistemática de acordo com o protocolo PRISMA, dos quais, realizou-se buscas nas bases eletrônicas PubMed, LILACS, EMBASE, Science, medRxiv, e bioRxiv, utilizando as palavras-chaves: "SARS-CoV-2" OR "COVID-19" OR "Coronavirus" AND “Laboratory Parameters” AND "Exams" OR "Laboratory". Foram utilizados artigos elegíveis publicados a partir de janeiro de 2020 até 20 de maio de 2020, sem restrições de idioma contendo dados laboratoriais hematológicos, bioquímicos e imunológicos. Resultados: De acordo com esta revisão foram selecionados 16 artigos elegíveis. As principais anormalidades foram observadas em pacientes graves com alterações expressivas em alguns parâmetros hematológicos, bioquímicos e imunológicos, sendo estes: ferritina, linfócitos, D-Dímero, LDH, AST, PCR, Procalcitonina, TcnI e IL-6. Conclusão: O presente estudo demonstra a relevância dos exames laboratoriais para auxiliar os profissionais da área da saúde na execução de medidas necessárias e condutas terapêuticas adequadas para o tratamento de pacientes infectados pelo coronavírus.
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