Objectives: To assess the knowledge of nursing team professionals of a specialized hospital in oncology on transfusion practices and to identify factors associated with knowledge. Methods:Observational, analytical, cross-sectional study held in a large and philanthropic Brazilian hospital, specialized in oncology. The unsystematic sample consisted of 61 nursing professionals who worked at the hospital. For data collection, researchers was used a validated tool of checklist type. The descriptive statistics was held in the univariate analysis and the t-test and Pearson correlation in the bivariate analysis. Results:The average overall score of knowledge was 53.6%; in the pre-transfusion step it was 49.6%; in the transfusion step, 55.7% and in the post-transfusion step, 63.4%. Factors associated with knowledge included the participation in specific training courses on the subject, having post-graduate degrees, the search for information in the literature, the adoption or knowledge of any standard and/ or guidelines related to the transfusion process, making use of the sector's manual of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and number of participation in training courses.
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