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Over the past decade there have been considerable changes in the classification and imaging of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Radiology now has a considerable role in the management of JIA, the differential diagnosis, monitoring disease progression and detecting complications. The different imaging modalities available, their role and limitations are discussed in this article and the various disease features that the radiologist should be aware of are described. An approach to the imaging of the child with joint disease and in the monitoring of disease complications are also discussed.

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The association between the clinician's assessment, core outcome variables and MRI findings in this study was limited. This indicates that clinical and laboratory findings are inadequate diagnostic tools for the assessment of hip arthritis when compared with MRI as the gold standard.

MRI in ICH clearly demonstrates cartilage loss and enables delineation of bone and muscle abnormalities. It is helpful in the differential diagnosis of hip joint disease in children and may provide further information on the progression and aetiology of ICH.

Although there is evidence of continuity of the Achilles tendon by three weeks after tenotomy, healing is not complete until at least twelve weeks. The time needed for the tendon to completely heal should be taken into consideration before a revision Achilles tenotomy is planned.

MRI of acute scaphoid injuries in children significantly alters management. Those children with normal scans are discharged earlier. Scaphoid fractures are confirmed earlier and other pathological conditions are also detected.

Postmortem CT for investigating childhood deaths is increasingly utilised as a noninvasive adjunct or alternative to standard autopsy; however there are no standardised published imaging protocols. This article describes a standardised imaging protocol that has been developed based on current practices of international postmortem imaging practitioners and experts. This recommendation is expected to be useful for postmortem imaging centres wishing to update their existing practices and for those starting paediatric postmortem CT as a new service.