Studies of nesting ecology have proven to be extremely important for stingless bee conservation. These studies have rarely been conducted in urban landscapes, and even fewer have compared species diversity and abundances over time. We surveyed native stingless bee nests at the Federal University of Juiz de Fora campus in Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, from May 2008 to April 2009. We recorded the number of nests, nest height, species diversity, and nest substrate type (i.e., natural or artificial). We compared our results to those of a similar survey carried out in the same location eight years prior (2000/2001) in order to evaluate how urban expansion on campus has influenced the Meliponini bee community. Stingless bee abundance and richness were greater in the second survey. The use of natural substrates decreased, while the use of artificial substrates increased. This suggests that the increase in man-made structures on the UFJF campus has provided favorable sites for establishment of some stingless bee species.
BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.
Social wasps are part of the floral visitor guild. In this study, we investigated the distribution of flower-visiting wasp species in two phytophysiognomies in the State Park of Ibitipoca, Minas Gerais, Brazil. We inspected flowering plants with visiting wasps along a 1 km transect in riparian forest and another 1 km transect in campos rupestres over the course of one year, for a total sampling effort of 240 hours. We found a total of 103 individuals with 15 species distributed among 7 genera, the most common belonging to the Erythroxylaceae (n = 10) and Asteraceae (n = 10) families. Asteraceae had the highest abundance (n = 55). The diversity and evenness of these insects was higher in riparian forest (H '= 0.78 and J' = 0.75) than in campos rupestres (H '= 0.30, J' = 0.39). All species visited flowers of 19 plant species in riparian forest, and eight wasp species visited 11 plant species in campos rupestres. These Polistinae acted as regular floral visitors, thus, conservation programs in these areas may be relevant for the maintenance of social wasp diversity.
Fire is one of the most common natural harassments and it is characterized as an important component of the systems, although little studied regarding the influence of this event in social wasps communities. One month after the end of the collections, the area of Regenerating Brazilian Savanna of the present study undertook a fire in exactly half of the points sampled, which motivated one further year of sampling. The aim of this study was to compare the social wasps fauna collected before and after the fire, indicating a possible impact on their populations. In the first year of collection, before the fire, 21 species (seven genera) were sampled with a total amount of 297 individuals. In the second year, after the fire, 14 species were collected (reduction of 33,33% in richness) and six genera, with an abundance of 153 wasp individuals of Vespidae (loss of 48,48% of individuals). The area 1 in the first year, presented an abundance of 182 individuals (61,27%) and 16 species (76,19%) and the area 2, 115 (38,73%) and 19 species (90,47%). For the area 1 in the second year, 74 individuals (48,36%) and 12 species (85,71%) were captured and for the area 2 there were 79 individuals (51,64%) distributed among nine species (64,28%). However, we did not find significant values for both the abundance and for the richness among the areas and the years of sampling. Nine species were not registered in the second year, although two presented their registration only after the fire.
Resumo. Este registro descreve a ocorrência de conflitos entre as abelhas sem ferrão de uma colônia ativa de Scaptotrigona bipunctata (Lepeletier) e os indivíduos de Melipona quadrifasciata (Lepeletier), e discute possíveis hipóteses que motivaram o ataque. Os comportamentos foram observados em uma colônia ativa de S. bipunctata. Os indivíduos de M. quadrifasciata que invadiram a colônia foram detidos pelos guardas do ninho ativo. As hipóteses de equívoco na identificação da entrada da colônia e erro na espécie possível à agregação foram descartadas, entretanto, a hipótese da real invasão registrada neste estudo demonstra uma estratégia comportamental de M. quadrifasciata e sugere que exista uma economia de energia caso tenha sucesso na pilhagem.Palavras-Chave: Abelhas sociais; Defesa; Intrusos; Meliponini; Usurpação de ninho. Agressive Interactions in Stingless bees: Melipona quadrifasciata (Lepeletier) Invading Nest of Scaptotrigona bipunctata (Lepeletier)Abstract. This record describes the occurrence of conflicts between stingless bees of an active colony of Scaptotrigona bipunctata (Lepeletier) and individuals of Melipona quadrifasciata (Lepeletier), and discusses possible hypotheses that motivated the attack. Behaviors were observed in an active colony of S. bipunctata. The active nest guards detained individuals of M. quadrifasciata who invaded the colony. The chances of misidentification of the colony entrance and error in the species possible aggregation were discarded, however, the hypothesis of the real invasion recorded in this study demonstrates a behavioral strategy by M. quadrifasciata suggests that there is an energy savings if successful in looting.
O espanhol Ramón Salaverría é um dos principais nomes mundiais no âmbito das pesquisas em ciberjornalismo. Docente da Faculdade de Comunicação da Universidade de Navarra (Espanha) e diretor do Center for Internet Studies and Digital Life, Salaverría também atuou como professor-visitante na University do Texas em Austin (EUA), diretor da Journalism Studies Section da ECREA e membro da World Journalism Education Council, dentre outras atividades. Em 2012, lecionou pela Organização das Nações Unidas para o diretório Global Experts, que inclui especialistas mundiais em distintas disciplinas. Publicou e organizou diversas obras, como Ciberperiodismo en Iberoamérica (2016), Cibermedios (2005), Redacción periodística en internet (2005) e Manual de redacción ciberperiodística (2003).Nesta conversa com a Pauta Geral, Salaverría analisa as relações entre investigação em jornalismo e o avanço tecnológico na contemporaneidade, buscando compreender como pesquisadores podem abordar este novo cenário. Ademais, o acadêmico espanhol reflete acerca de seu percurso pessoal em perspectiva aos estudos dos cibermeios jornalísticos no espaço da Ibero-América.
O conhecimento da ordenação das espécies ao longo de um gradiente altitudinal é importante para se conhecer sua distribuição, sobretudo em biomas ameaçados como a mata atlântica. O presente estudo foi realizado na reserva particular do patrimônio natural (RPPN) Alto Montana, localizada no município de Itamonte, na Serra da Mantiqueira, Minas Gerais, sudeste do Brasil. Analisou-se a influência do gradiente altitudinal na riqueza e na composição de espécies de vespas sociais. O método de amostragem foi busca ativa com rede entomológica e armadilhas atrativas, em nove pontos amostrais, distando 100 m um do outro. O gradiente estudado variou do ponto fixado a 1.335 até 2.135 m de altitude. Foram amostradas 11 espécies de vespas sociais, distribuídas em sete gêneros. Como esperado, houve correlação negativa significativa entre a altitude e a riqueza de espécies. Polybia punctata e Polybia fastidiosuscula foram as únicas espécies registradas nos pontos de maior altitude, estando também presentes em 78 e 66% dos pontos amostrais, respectivamente. Agelaia multipicta também se destacou por estar presente em 66% dos pontos. Para corroborar os resultados aqui obtidos, é necessário realizar mais estudos de longo prazo na área.
Resumo. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo propor a análise da biografi a enquanto gênero de fronteira entre a história, a literatura e o jornalismo por meio da relação entre memória e narratividade. Para tanto, o artigo pretende refl etir sobre a construção da narrativa na biografi a O Mago, do jornalista Fernando Morais sobre o escritor Paulo Coelho, lançada em 2008. A análise do texto biográfi co enquanto produto jornalístico é realizada a partir da perspectiva da memória e do conceito de narratividade, utilizando como referencial os três estágios da narrativa propostos por Paul Ricoeur: prefi guração, confi guração e refi guração. Desta forma, pretende-se compreender o uso dos diários de Paulo Coelho pelo jornalista Fernando Morais como recurso de narratividade na tentativa de valorizar a história de vida, enquanto realidade em si mesma. Palavras-chave: memória, narratividade, jornalismo.Abstract. This paper aims to propose an analysis of the biography as a kind of frontier between history, literature and journalism through the relationship between memory and narrative. To this end, the article focuses on the construction of narrative in A Warrior's Life -The Authorized Biography by Fernando Morais about the author Paulo Coelho released in 2008. The analysis of the biography such as an journalistic product is done from the perspective of memory and the concept of narrativity, using as reference the three stages of the narrative proposed by Paul Ricoeur: foreshadowing, seĴ ing and refacement. Thus, we will analyze the use of Paulo Coelho's diaries by journalist Fernando Morais as a source of narrativity in an aĴ empt to enhance the story of life as reality itself.
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