4 CFU/ml in Caco-2, and 107.11 ؋ 10 4 CFU/ml in T84 cells. In addition, the E9034A⌬lngA strain showed a significant reduction in longus adherence of 32% in HT-29, 22.28% in Caco-2, and 21.68% in T84 cells compared to the wild-type strain. In experiments performed with nonintestinal cells (HeLa and HEp-2 cells), significant differences were not observed in adherence between E9034A and derivative strains. Interestingly, the E9034A and E9034A⌬lngA(pLngA) strains were 30 to 35% more adherent in intestinal cells than in nonintestinal cells. Twitching motility experiments were performed, showing that ETEC strains E9034A and E9034A⌬lngA(pLngA) had the capacity to form spreading zones while ETEC E9034A⌬lngA does not. In addition, our data suggest that longus from ETEC participates in the colonization of human colonic cells.
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