Lipid droplets (lipid bodies, LDs) are dynamic organelles that have important roles in regulating lipid metabolism, energy homeostasis, cell signaling, membrane trafficking, and inflammation. LD biogenesis, composition, and functions are highly regulated and may vary according to the stimuli, cell type, activation state, and inflammatory environment. Increased cytoplasmic LDs are frequently observed in leukocytes and other cells in a number of infectious diseases. Accumulating evidence reveals LDs participation in fundamental mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions, including cell signaling and immunity. LDs are sources of eicosanoid production, and may participate in different aspects of innate signaling and antigen presentation. In addition, intracellular pathogens evolved mechanisms to subvert host metabolism and may use host LDs, as ways of immune evasion and nutrients source. Here, we review mechanisms of LDs biogenesis and their contributions to the infection progress, and discuss the latest discoveries on mechanisms and pathways involving LDs roles as regulators of the immune response to protozoan infection.
Resumo A importância dos Conselhos Regionais e do Conselho Federal de Psicologia relacionase com as tentativas de zelo com o cumprimento integral das práticas éticas da profissão. Neste sentido, o objetivo principal do presente estudo foi analisar os processos éticos publicados no período de 2004 a 2016 no Jornal do Federal. Foram avaliadas 26 edições, as quais apresentaram 286 infrações na seção intitulada “Processos Éticos”. Os resultados apontaram que a região 8, referente ao estado do Paraná, demonstrou maior incidência de processos éticos por psicólogos inscritos. Quanto ao conteúdo das ementas, identificou-se 35 categorias diferentes, sendo a mais comum sobre processos éticos profissionais. Destaca-se que os três números mais recentes da revista apresentaram com maior clareza o conteúdo das ementas, tornando possível verificar que dos 57 processos éticos descritos, 34 foram relacionados à área da avaliação psicológica, representando 60% do total dos respectivos números. O último dado analisado mostrou a decisão dos Conselhos Regionais e do Conselho Federal, sendo a mais comum para ambos o arquivamento dos processos. Conclui-se que há uma demanda de ações voltadas à formação e à prática de profissionais Psicologia, em especial da área de Avaliação Psicológica.
Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar evidências de precisão e de validade para um protocolo de análise de características criativas presentes no Desenho da Figura Humana (DFH). Para isso, realizaram-se dois estudos. A amostra foi composta por cinco juízes e 208 crianças de escolas públicas e particulares, com idades entre nove anos e 11 anos e 11 meses. O primeiro estudo referiu-se à precisão do protocolo, e o instrumento foi considerado adequado segundo os critérios de 75% de concordância e análise Creativity Indicators in the Human Figure Drawing TestAbstract: This study aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of a creativity screening protocol for the Human Figure Drawing Test (HFD). The study was divided in two parts: part one was conducted with 5 judges and part two with 208 children from private and public schools, aged between 9 years and 11 years and 11 months. The first part showed the protocol as accurate, and considered the instrument as appropriate with 75% of agreement by the Pearson's Correlation analysis. In the second part, a creativity screening protocol for the HFD and the Children's Creativity Figural Test were used as instruments. These instruments were compared using Pearson's correlation and factor analysis. The results suggested that indicators such as Development, Emotion Expression and Motion are related to creativity features in HFD. Influences for the variables: school and sex on the items movement, unusual perspective and contexts were identified. We conclude that the creativity screening protocol for the HFD presents valid indicators of creativity.
In order to understand trends reported in research carried out about gender differences in creativity, a systematic review of the scientific literature on the electronic databases Scielo, Pepsic, CAPES Periodicals, Academic Search Premier, Academic Search Elite, Redalyc, and MEDLINE Complete was held. The 133 publications analysis showed that the articles were published between 1975 and 2020, most of them of international origin (82.71%). Most studies reported gender differences, with 45.20% in favor of women. Another 23.28% in favor of men, and 31.50%, oscillating according to the content evaluated. There was no consensus on the issue since inconsistent results were found, sometimes indicating the predominance of better results achieved by women, sometimes by men, in the same measures. This finding reinforces the importance that studies of this nature consider the influence of other factors, such as attitudes, motivation, opportunities, and the type of measure used to establish more accurate results.
A relevância da avaliação das altas habilidades/superdotação (AH/S) pode ser compreendida dentro de uma proposta que busca a valorização dos pontos fortes, aptidões e talentos dos indivíduos, assim como a prevenção de problemas sociais e emocionais decorrentes da ausência de identificação. Nesse sentido, pode-se afirmar sua proximidade com os pressupostos da Psicologia Positiva. Perante a lacuna de instrumentos específicos para avaliação desse fenômeno, a construção de uma escala de triagem de indicadores de AH/S foi iniciada. Dentre os estudos para investigação de suas qualidades psicométricas, o presente estudo apresenta os resultados da análise fatorial confirmatória. As respostas de 216 avaliações, feitas pelos professores de estudantes do 2º ao 9º ano do ensino fundamental, foram analisadas. Índices de ajuste adequados foram encontrados, confirmando um modelo teórico multidimensional, que abrange, na escala, cinco domínios em que a AH/S pode se manifestar: capacidade intelectual geral, habilidades acadêmicas específicas, liderança, criatividade e talento artístico. Palavras-chave: validade do teste; testes psicológicos; superdotado. ABSTRACT-Giftedness Indicators Screening Scale: factorial structure The relevance of the assessment of giftedness can be understood within a proposal that seeks to highlight the strengths, aptitudes and talents of individuals, aiming for the prevention of social and emotional problems resulting from lack of identification. Accordingly, its proximity to the ideas of Positive Psychology can be affirmed. Considering the lack of specific instruments for evaluating this phenomenon, the development of a screening scale of indicators of giftedness was initiated. Among the studies to investigate its psychometric qualities, the present study presents the results of the confirmatory factorial analysis. The data from 216 evaluations, performed by teachers of students of grades 2 to 9 of elementary education, were analyzed. Adequate fit indices were found, confirming a multidimensional theoretical model, composed of five domains in which giftedness can be manifested: general intellectual ability, specific academic abilities, leadership, creativity and artistic talent.
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