We demonstrate that the catalyst Perkalite F100 efficiently works as a nanocatalyst in the depolymerization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). After depolymerization of PET in the presence of ethylene glycol and the Perkalite nanocatalyst, the main product obtained was bis(2-hydroxylethyl) terephthalate (BHET) with high purity, as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and NMR. The BHET monomers could serve directly as starting materials in a further polymerization into PET with a virgin quality and contribute to a solution for the disposal of PET polymers. Compared with the direct glycolysis of PET, the addition of a predegradation step was shown to reduce the reaction time needed to reach the depolymerization equilibrium. The addition of the predegradation step also allowed lower reaction temperatures. Therefore, the strategy to include a predegradation step before depolymerization is suitable for increasing the efficiency of the glycolysis reaction of PET into BHET monomers. V C 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46285. Recently, we found that Perkalite F100 works very efficiently as a transesterification catalyst in the alcoholysis of polyester. Perkalite F100 is a synthetic nanoclay, containing Mg-Al layered V C 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
This paper deals with some important mechanical properties (hardness, dimensional stability, compressive and flexural strength) of an experimental version of a translucent calcium aluminate dental restorative material. All samples investigated have been made from pre-pressed tablets, with a compaction degree of approximately 60%, hydrated using a 0.15 wt % Li salt solution as an accelerator. The samples were stored in water at 37 degrees C between the measurements. As reference materials one composite, Tetric Ceram, and one glass ionomer, Fuji II, were used with specimens prepared according to the manufacturer's recommendations. For the reference materials some of the properties were published data. The results show that the calcium aluminate material has sufficient mechanical properties to be used as a permanent dental restorative taking as a reference the ISO 9917 and the ISO 4049 as well as the reference materials. In addition the results indicate that the mechanical properties are controlled by the microstructure, which is mainly determined by the grain size of the filler.
Organic silanes and titanates were added to a system of polyethylene and silicon nitride intended for injection molding and to a model system of paraffin oil and silicon nitride. The effect of the additions on viscosity was studied. Results from the model system agree comparatively well with the results from the system intended for injection molding. The model system can be used for screening tests. A glycidoxytrimethoxysilane reduces the viscosity of the polyethylene-silicon nitride system. In combination with tetrabutyl titanate, the effect is more pronounced. [
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