The seed oil ofAsphodelus fistulosus (piazi) contains 0.5% myristic, 5.7% palmitic, 3.6% stearic, 33.1% oleic, and 54.9% linoleic acids.
The 1.8% nonsaponifiable matter appeared to contain fucosterol and a yellow, unidentified substance.
The present investigation was carried out at the established plantations and laboratory of the Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during the year 2008-2009. The experimental site lies in the mid hill zone of Himachal Pradesh with an elevation of 1250 m above mean sea level. It is located at 30o 51' N latitude and 76o 11' E longitude. The study revealed higher nutrient contents at surface layer D1 (0-15cm) which decreased with increase in soil depths. Among different tree species Alnus nitida registered significantly higher amount of available nitrogen at different soil depths. Phosphorus and potassium varied significantly under different tree species and found highest again under Alnus nitida. Phosphorus was noticed maximum (41.92 kg/ha) at 0-15cm which decreased to 40.40 kg/ha at 30-45cm soil depths. Similar trend observed for potassium where it decreased to about 32.50% at D3 (30-45cm) than at D1 (0-15cm). Irrespective of soil depths, the magnesium content was found highest (330.40kg/ha) under Melia azedarach. Magnesium decreased from 329.70 kg/ha at D1 to 281.40 kg/ha at D3 registering about 15% reduction. Calcium behaved in similar manner which irrespective of depths was registered highest under Alnus nitida plantation. A slight decrease in soil pH was observed as the soil depth increased. It lowered to 6.4 at D3 (30-45cm) from 6.55 at D1 (0-15cm). Organic carbon decreased to about 50% at D3 as compared to its value to D1 depth. Similarly, the soil microbial biomass decreased to more than 50% at D3 than that of D1 depth. Irrespective of soil depths the highest (2.15?g/g) microbial biomass was observed under Alnus nitida.
This article examines business opportunities for India in the global emissions market. It acknowledges that while many have been critical of outsourcing emissions reduction to developing countries, it nevertheless provides scope to introduce environmentally conducive technologies in industrial processes; thereby reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and in adopting sustainable development practices through developing carbon sink projects. It suggests the scope and role of business managers to stimulate projects under Clean Development Mechanism (CDMs) as part of the Kyoto Protocol, as also projects under joint initiatives for the voluntary carbon market.
Abstrak: Tulisan ini meneropong tentang bagaimana kebijakan pemerintah Indonesia terhadap pendidikan agama Islam. Disajikan bagaimana masalah pendidikan agama di Indonesia sudah menjadi perbincangan dan dianggap sebagai persoalan yang cukup pelik dalam urusan tata pelayanan publik sejak awal kemerdekaan. Sekalipun demikian, kebijakan pemerintah terhadap pendidikan agama Islam, sejak awal kemerdekaan -yang dikenal dengan masa Orde Lama-hingga saat ini cenderung mengalami pergeseran. Tulisan ini menyajikan sejumlah kebijakan terkait penyelenggaraan pendidikan Islam, yaitu kebijakan pendidikan agama di sekolah, kebijakan tentang madrasah dan kebijakan tentang pengembangan pendidikan tinggi Islam.
Kata kunci: Kebijakan, Pendidikan Nasional, Agama IslamAbstract: This paper explores how the Indonesian government's policy towards Islamic education. The issue of religion education in Indonesia has become a serious discussion and is regarded as a fairly complicated issue in the administrative affairs of public service since the beginning of independence day. Nevertheless, the government's policy towards Islamic religion education, since the beginning of independence day-which is well known as the Old Order, till today tends to be shifting. This paper presents a number of policies related to the implementation of Islamic education, the policy of religion education in schools, madrasah and policies on the development of Islamic higher education.
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