RESUMO A doença COVID-19, causada pelo agente SARS-COV-2, provém da mutação do vírus SARS-COV de origem animal, tornando-se relevante não somente por causar infecções em humanos como também por apresentar um possível caráter zoonótico. Com essa possibilidade, estudos buscam a comprovação da presença do agente em diversas espécies de animais domésticos e quais as similaridades entre essas e o ser humano. Revisão de literatura de diversas publicações científicas abrangendo a possibilidade de os animais serem reservatórios do agente do novo coronavírus, bem como, acentuar a importância da saúde única no controle de doenças através da pesquisa de publicações realizadas até 10 de Junho de 2020. Em estudos realizados com animais de companhia, cães e gatos, testados através do exame de reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real (RT-PCR), que permite identificar a presença do agente infeccioso no material genético do paciente, alguns dos animais avaliados apresentaram resultado positivo para o novo coronavírus. Contudo, em relação a animais de produção, até o momento, não foram detectados animais positivos para o novo coronavírus, sugerindo que estes não são suscetíveis a esta infecção. Com esta revisão, ressalta-se que é notório o potencial zoonótico do novo coronavírus a partir de estudos já existentes, porém ainda são necessários mais estudos abordando esta temática. Ademais, evidencia-se a importância da ação da saúde única de forma multiprofissional, na qual atuam médicos, enfermeiros, médicos veterinários, entre tantos, diante de todas fontes envolvidas na disseminação de doenças, como o COVID-19.
Caracterização molecular de isolados de escherichia coli em casos de diarreia neonatal bovinaMolecular characterization of escherichia coli isolates in cases of bovine neonatal diarrhea
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ingestive behavior of sheep receiving alternative food with grape pomace to replace roughage, as well as its impacts on the rumen environment. It was observed that BU had higher TOC, TRAM and pH of the ruminal liquid, while there was less TRU (P < 0,05). As for the other parameters, no significant differences were found. In this study, just as the feeding time was not influenced due to the similarity of the concentrate: roughage ratio in the diet, the protozoan count did not change. This finding reinforces the possibility of using grape marc as a tool for formulating feed, reducing the risk of ruminal disturbances. It was observed that the group control had lower TRAM, indicating that the diet of this group promoted greater microbial activity and, consequently, greater digestibility, corroborating the already observed TOC. This result was the opposite of what was expected, since the grape pomace has probiotic properties, precisely because the fruits have more fungi and bacteria in their microbiota. This also confirms that the co-products of vitiviniculture can act as promoters of the intestinal health of ruminants, justifying further studies in order to improve this use. Therefore, the use of wine by-products is an alternative to reduce production costs, as its use in diets for confined sheep can improve the performance of the animals, increasing the total feed consumption and improving microbial activity.
The objective of was to evaluate whether the provision of an acidogenic diet in late gestation influences the metabolism of cows with experimentally induced subclinical hypocalcemia. Nine multiparous Holstein cows were divided into 3 groups according to the duration of supply of the acidogenic diet: G0 = without acidogenic diet; G9 = nine days and G15 = fifteen days. All animals underwent an experimental induction of subclinical hypocalcemia for 6 hours, performed after the last day of feeding with the diet. Urine samples were collected weekly to evaluate the effectiveness of the diet and blood samples were collected performed one day (-1) and immediately (0) before the induction, every hour until 6 h after the induction and at the end of 72 hours for the evaluation of metabolic parameters. During INDUCTION, G15 had the lowest concentration of CaT, globulins, TP, HCO¬¬ 3, pCO2, K and the highest concentration of creatinine (P < 0.05); G9 and G15 had the lowest concentration of iCa and higher concentration of Mg (P <0.05). In the POST-INDUCTION period, G15 again had the lowest concentration of globulins, TP, HCO¬- 3 and lowest serum pH, in addition to having the highest concentration of creatinine, glucose, and Na (P <0.05). G9 and G15 had the lowest CaT and K concentration and the highest Mg (P < 0.05) in that period. Provision of 15 days of an acidogenic diet to cows with induced hypocalcemia modulated other parameters besides calcium, demonstrated may not be suitable for animals.
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