Background: Despite advances in acne therapy, treatment failure is still common. Isotretinoin is the only drug that affects almost all factors in acne pathogenesis, however side-effects are common at the doses reported in published studies in the literature. Sun exposure is known to be beneficial for acne. Lasers/light-based devices may offer an alternative to conventional acne modalities in selected patients, such as non-responder or noncompliant patients or in antibiotic resistant patients. The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of blue light and low dose isotretinoin in patients with mild to moderate acne.
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a hereditary disorder that mainly involves the skin, eyes, and cardiovascular system.We reported a case of pseudoxanthoma elasticum with involvement of neck, axillae, abdomen and thighs, together with angioid streaking of fundi. Skin biopsy specimen was taken and was stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) that revealed fragmentation of the elastic fibers. These features were suggestive of histopathological diagnosis of PXE.We have reviewed other published reports to obtain a better understanding of the genetics, histopathology, vascular and ophthalmological manifestations of pseudoxanthoma elasticum.
Endothelial dysfunction is regarded as an important factor in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Endothelial dysfunction has been posited to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN).The vascular complications of diabetes impose a huge burden on the management of this disease. The higher incidence of cardiovascular complications and the unfavorable prognosis among diabetic individuals who develop such complications have been correlated to the hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and associated endothelial dysfunction. Both hyperglycemia, as well as the metabolic consequences of glucose dysregulation, are thought to lead to endothelial cell dysfunction. In this regard, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) plays a central role in dysfunction. This review will focus on the mechanisms and therapeutics that specifically target endothelial dysfunction in the context of a diabetic setting.
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