In this research, The uranium concentration in teeth samples was measured using a CR-39 track detector and the fission tracks registration method., for 25 samples of teeth distributed across Samawa City, each weighing (0.7) grams and (2) mm in thickness. Exposed done after preparing the samples into small spherical pellets covered with a 1x1cm2 CR-39 detector. These samples with detectors together were irradiated using an (241Am-Be) source with a neutron flux (5x103 n.cm-2.s-1) for one week. These samples were compared with standard samples to find uranium concentration. The results show that the maximum value of uranium concentration was (2.273 ppm) and value of the minimum uranium concentration was (0.626 ppm) and the concentration of uranium in females was higher than in males, the concentration of uranium was affected by several factors: the region of study, gender and age of the human.
The effective atomic number (Z effective), total atomic cross-section (Π± Total) electron density (N effective) have been Measured depending on the mass attenuation coefficient (ΞΌ/Ο). By using Gamma-ray radiation (Ξ³), emitted from sources (57πΆπ, 133π΅π, 22ππ, 137πΆπ , 54ππ, πππ 60πΆπ) with energies from (0.122, 0.356,0.511,0.662,0.84,1.17,1.275 πππ 1.33πππ) respectively. using the Sodium Iodide Scintillation Detectors NaI(Tl) at 662 keV and resolution about 8.2% have been measured the mass attenuation coefficients for the sample βPalmitic acidβ itβs chemical formula C16H32O2. The data from the mass attenuation coefficient were then employed to study Z effective, N effective, and Π± total of the sample. In the presence of gamma-ray energy, it was discovered that the effective atomic number and effective electron densities first drop and they tend to remain nearly constant. The experimental values obtained by Z effective and N effective were in excellent agreement with the theoretical values. The theoretical data that is accessible is obtained from XCom, which is available online. The study's findings aid in understanding how (ΞΌ/Ο) values change when Zeff and Neff values vary in the case of H, C, and O based biological molecules such as fatty acids.
Radiation is naturally present in our environment and exist since the birth of this planet. It comes from outer space (cosmic), the ground (terrestrial), and even from within our own bodies. In physics, the radiation defines as the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium. I have studied its characteristics, its operating region and some laws of radiation which will help us to know more about the counter. Not only we can study the characteristics of Geiger Muller tube but also we can use it in day to day life. In my present study I have studied the characteristics of Geiger Muller tube, Inverse square law and its application as detector in case of milk adulteration. I learned many scientific applications of the G. M. Counter. I tried to study the adulteration in milk in my city Samawa with the help of G. M. Counter. If we generalize the G M Counter and procedure we can detect adulteration in other liquids such as oils, fuels etc.
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