Post-operative adhesions can occur following abdominal or pelvic surgery and are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Adhesions are an important cause of abdominal complaints, especially chronic abdominal pain, infertility, and bowel obstruction; responsible for an estimated $2.3 billion annual burden in the United States alone. There is a paucity of literature describing CT findings indicative of the presence of adhesions, however, findings suggestive of this entity may be discovered by a discerning eye. Early recognition and diagnosis may be beneficial for reducing consumption of health-care resources related to abdominal complaints. In addition, these findings may impact surgical planning and facilitate recognition of adhesion-related complications, said to be responsible for a significant number of malpractice claims. The following review discusses various CT findings which may indicate the presence of adhesions. These findings may initially be overlooked, but remain valuable as the clinical presentation evolves to become consistent with adhesive disease. Detection of bowel and peritoneal adhesions can be recognized on imaging modalities based on distortion of bowel loops. This pictorial review illustrates the spectrum of findings related to bowel adhesions encountered on computed tomography imaging.
Asplenia is associated with an increased incidence of fatal and life-threatening sepsis caused by encapsulated pathogens. Isolated congenital asplenia is a very rare condition, with only 33 cases reported in the literature. The authors report another case of this condition complicated by overwhelming Group B streptococcus sepsis secondary to paronychia that was managed successfully.
Small bowel perforation following a capsule endoscopy (CE) is a rare but dreadful complication. We report a CE induced small bowel perforation in a patient with Crohn's disease where preoperative investigations failed to reveal any strictures. 2011; 93: e69-e70
Ann R Coll Surg Engl
A case of a 6-month-old child with a Salmonella subdural empyema is reported. The causative organism was never suspected until the culture report was available. The child responded well to surgical drainage and antibiotic therapy.
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) ranges from a clinically detectable dislocation of the hip to radiologically diagnosed hip abnormalities. It is caused by both antenatal and postnatal factors. The Neonatal and Infant Physical Examination Screening Programme recommends that newborns should undergo a hip ultrasound (USS) when risk factor or clinical features suggestive of DDH are present. The aim of hip ultrasonography is to detect DDH early and prevent late complications through early treatment. Here, we discuss how to use hip examination and USS in newborns.
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