Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in plasma concentrations of estrone sulfate (E1S) and estradiol-17β (E2β) during the peripartum period (from day 10 prepartum to day 1 postpartum) associated with and without retention of fetal membranes (RFM) in Holstein-Friesian cattle (n=42). Plasma samples were analyzed for E1S and E2β by ELISA. All parturitions were spontaneous and normal. Of 38 cattle delivering singletons, 29 had no RFM (singleton-normal group) and nine had RFM for more than 12 h (singleton-RFM group). Four cows gave birth to twins, and each twin had its own fetal membrane (FM). Two twinning cows expelled both FMs normally within 12 h (twin-normal group). In the remaining 2 twinning cows (twin-RFM group), the FM was expelled normally for one twin (first), while the FM of the other (second) was retained. There were no significant differences in the E1S concentrations or their increments from the concentrations on the preceding day between the normal and RFM groups of singleton cows on any peripartum day. The mean plasma E2β concentrations on each day from day 10 to day 3 prepartum were significantly lower (P<0.05) in the singleton-RFM group compared with the singleton-normal group; however, on days 2 and 1 prepartum, the increments in the E2β concentrations from the concentrations on the preceding days were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the singleton-RFM group than in the singleton-normal group. Thus, the plasma E1S concentrations just before parturition may not be associated with RFM. In the cows with RFM, the lower plasma E2β concentrations that were found prior to day 2 prepartum may have been associated with immature placentomes, and the rapid rise in plasma E2β within 1 to 2 days prior to calving may have produced asynchrony of placental and/or fetal maturation in relation to calving, thus resulting in RFM.
Abstract. The aim of present experiment was to evaluate the plasma concentrations of estrone sulfate (E1S) and progesterone (P4) during late gestation in recipient cows transferred embryos produced by nuclear transfer (NT) and in vitro fertilization (IVF). Blood samples were collected from recipients transferred embryos produced by NT (n=9) and IVF (n=13) at 160, 220, 240, 260 and 270 d of gestation and then at 5 d intervals until parturition. Plasma samples were analyzed for E1S and P4 by ELISA. One NT and three IVF cows aborted between days 220 and 260 of gestation. Two NT and one IVF cow had prolonged gestation (over 290 d). One IVF cow had an overweight fetus (50 kg) after abortion (257 d). The patterns of changes in the concentrations of E1S during late gestation in the NT and IVF cows were almost identical. The NT and IVF cows that aborted had prolonged gestation and much higher E1S concentrations than the average. One NT cow aborted after 220 d of gestation and had a sudden high increase in its E1S concentration from 160 d to 220 d of gestation. The NT and IVF cows that had prolonged gestation also had significantly higher (P<0.05) P4 concentrations than the average. These results raise the possibility that the E1S and P4 profiles can be used to monitor some late gestational problems, such as higher birth weight, abortion and prolonged gestation.
The aim was to evaluate the relationship of prepartum plasma estrone sulfate (E1S) and estradiol-17b (E2b) concentrations with the weight of the calf and the placental parameters. Holstein-Friesian cows (n = 33) inseminated artificially with Japanese Black beef bull semen at Hiroshima University Farm in Japan were used for the experiment. Blood samples were taken every day from day 270 of gestation until the day after calving. The plasma samples were analyzed for E1S and E2b by enzyme immunoassay. The calf birth weight was taken immediately after calving. Complete fetal membranes were collected from 19 cattle and the weights of the placental components and the number of cotyledons were recorded. All 33 cattle delivered singleton normal calves. The prepartum plasma E1S concentration was found to correlate significantly (P < 0.01) with the calf birth weight (r = 0.83), total fetal membrane weight (r = 0.81), cotyledonary weight (r = 0.79) and inter-cotyledonary membrane weight (r = 0.64), but it did not correlate significantly with the number of cotyledons, whereas prepartum plasma E2b was not found to correlate significantly with the weight of either the calf or any of the placental components except the number of cotyledons. In conclusion, prepartum plasma E1S, not plasma E2b, was found to correlate significantly with the weight of the calf and the placental components. Figure 2 Relationship of the means of 10 days of prepartum maternal plasma estrone sulfate (E1S) and estradiol-17b (E2b) concentrations (x axis) with (a,b) cotyledonary weight, (c,d) inter-cotyledonary membrane weight and (e,f) number of cotyledons (y axis) in Holstein-Friesian cattle bearing singleton calves, P = < 0.01, (n = 19). RELATION BETWEEN ESTROGEN AND PLACENTA 493
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