Abstract-Due to their flexibility and high performance, Coarse Grained Reconfigurable Array (CGRA) are a topic of increasing research interest. However, CGRAs also have the potential to achieve very high energy efficiency in comparison to other reconfigurable architectures when hardware optimizations are applied. Some of these optimizations are common for more traditional processors but can also lead to large efficiency gains for reconfigurable architectures. This paper investigates three hardware based loop optimization techniques that can significantly improve the energy efficiency of CGRAs. The three techniques are evaluated on processing kernels from the image processing domain as well as an industrial computer vision application. Energy consumption and area estimates are obtained using a CGRA synthesized with a commercial 40nm library. For the three applied techniques (zero-overhead loop accelerator, single-cycle loop support, and loop buffers) the simulation results show overall energy gains of 6.8% for zero-overhead loop support, 13.2% for ZOLA combined with single-cycle loop support and 18.3% for a combination of all optimizations.
Computation in-memory is a promising non-von Neumann approach aiming at completely diminishing the data transfer to and from the memory subsystem. Although a lot of architectures have been proposed, compiler support for such architectures is still lagging behind. In this paper, we close this gap by proposing an end-to-end compilation flow for in-memory computing based on the LLVM compiler infrastructure. Starting from sequential code, our approach automatically detects, optimizes, and offloads kernels suitable for in-memory acceleration. We demonstrate our compiler tool-flow on the PolyBench/C benchmark suite and evaluate the benefits of our proposed inmemory architecture simulated in Gem5 by comparing it with a state-of-the-art von Neumann architecture.
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DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User Agreement:
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