Background. Over the past decades, lots of advance have occurred in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC). However, the contemporaneous incidence and survival trends, on the basis of population-based registry, have not been reported. Methods. The HNC cancer cases were accessed from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The incidence trend was analyzed by joinpoint analysis, with the survival trend being analyzed by period analysis of relative survival rate (RSR) and Kaplan-Meier analyses. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify the prognostic factors for overall survival. Results. The general incidence trend of HNC increases slightly, with an average annual percentage change of 0.6%, along with five fluctuating segments. The improvement of net survival over the past decades was showed by increasing 60-month RSR, from 54.1% to 56.0% to 60.9% to 66.8%, which was further confirmed by Kaplan-Meier analyses. Moreover, disparities in incidence and survival patterns can be observed in different subgroups. Conclusion. A fluctuating incidence pattern and an ever-improving survival were observed in HNC over time.

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With great interest, we read a paper in Breast Cancer Research and Treatment "Bazedoxifene is a novel IL-6/ GP130 inhibitor for treating triple-negative breast cancer." by Tian et al [1]. We would like to applaud the authors for finding the anticancer effect of bazedoxifene on breast cancer. However, there are some problems in this paper that need to be addressed. Authors found that bazedoxifene induced cell apoptosis using the Apo-ONE homogeneous caspase 3/7 assay after the treatment of bazedoxifene (10 μM) for 5 h (Fig. 3). Moreover, Fig. 4 shows that cell viability decreased markedly, which was less than 50% treating with bazedoxifene (10 μM). The same results also can be seen in Fig. 5. However, authors claimed that bazedoxifene (10 μM for 24 h) could inhibit cell invasion significantly without inducing any cell death (Fig. 8). The cell viability was almost 100% after the incubation of bazedoxifene (10 μM) for 24 h (Fig. 8B). These results were contradictory.

Objectives: To find the significant risk factors associated with delayed complications in free fibula reconstruction of mandible. Methods: A retrospective cohort of patients who received vascular fibula reconstruction for mandible from January 2011 to December 2013 were charted. Clinical, pathological and therapeutic factors were analysed for delayed complications in univariate and multivariate analysis to find the significance. Findings: A total of 142 patients were analysed; the median follow-up period was 47 months. There were total of 19 patients with the late complications. The median time of complications was 8 months after surgery. Preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy were significant factors (0.02) and preoperative with postoperative irradiation was highly associated with the complication (75%, P = 0.002). The type of Ti plate used for fixation was a significant factor (P = 0.019), the disease characteristics (P = 0.02) was a significant factor. The multivariable Cox regression showed postoperative radiation (odds 6.9, P = 0.009) and history of smoking (odds 4.3, 0.037) as significant factors for late complications Conclusion: Postoperative radiation and smoking history are associated with late complications in fibula reconstruction of mandible and a caution is needed in selecting such patients for endosseous implants.