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In this work, an electrochemiluminescent (ECL) biosensor was constructed on the basis of amino-modified 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride/luminol (PTC-NH 2 /Lu) nanocomposite as emitter and bipedal DNA walker signal amplification strategy for ultrasensitive detection of microRNA-21 (miRNA-21). The PTC-NH 2 /Lu nanocomposite was prepared as signal tag via π−π stacking molecular assembly, in which amino-modified 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTC-NH 2 ) as a novel coreaction accelerator significantly enhanced the ECL emission of luminol-H 2 O 2 system. Moreover, target miRNA-21 triggered bipedal DNA walker was powered by toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction (TSDR) for signal amplification. Consequently, the proposed ECL biosensor achieved ultrasensitive detection of miRNA-21 with a linear range from 100 aM to 100 pM and a limit of detection of 33 aM. Simultaneously, the biosensor was also successfully applied to detect target miRNA-21 in lysates from human cancer cells. As a result, this work constructed a new signal amplification platform, exhibiting great application potential in biomedical analysis and early clinical diagnostics.

Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. 1,2 Sepsis most commonly results in multiorgan dysfunction, especially kidney dysfunction, namely sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI). It constitutes almost 50% of cases diagnosed with acute kidney injury in intensive care units (ICU). 3-7 Furthermore, SA-AKI increases the risk of chronic kidney disease and is a leading independent cause of high mortality. 2 Unlike any other phenotype of acute kidney injury (AKI), SA-AKI

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