Summary An examination was conducted to verify D -psicose suppressed the elevation of blood glucose and insulin concentration in a dose-dependent manner under the concurrent administration of maltodextrin and D -psicose to healthy humans. Twenty subjects aged 20-39 y, 11 males and 9 females were recruited. A load test of oral maltodextrin was conducted as a randomized single blind study. The subjects took one of five test beverages (7.5 g D -psicose alone, 75 g maltodextrin alone, 75 g maltodextrin ϩ 2.5, 5 or 7.5 g D -psicose). Blood was collected before an intake and at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after an intake. Intervals of administration were at least 1 wk. The load test with 75 g maltodextrin showed significant suppressions of the elevation of blood glucose and insulin concentration under the doses of 5 g or more D -psicose with dose dependency. An independent administration of 7.5 g D -psicose had no influence on blood glucose or insulin concentration. D -Psicose is considered efficacious in the suppression of the elevation of blood glucose concentration after eating in humans.

D-Psicose is a rare sugar present in small quantities in natural products. In a previous study, we showed that D-psicose suppresses plasma glucose increases and reduces body fat accumulation in rats. Based on acute toxicity testing in rats, D-psicose is classified as an ordinary substance (LD50 = 16 g/kg). Elucidating the effects of long term feeding of D-psicose in rats will be essential prior to its utilization as a physiologically functional food. In this study, male Wistar rats (3 weeks old) were fed diets containing 3% D-psicose or sucrose for 12–18 months. The rats actually ingested 1.28 g/kg body weight per day D-psicose or 1.22 g/kg body weight per day of sucrose. Body weight gain and intra-abdominal adipose tissue weight in rats fed the D-psicose diet for 18 months were significantly lower than those in rats fed the sucrose diet. Relative weights of liver and kidney were significantly higher in the D-psicose group than in the sucrose group. However, no gross pathological findings were evident at dietary doses of 3% D-psicose or correlated with hypertrophy of liver and kidney. No clinical chemical test value was suggestive of overt D-psicose treatment-related toxicity. Therefore, the present study found no adverse effects at 3% D-psicose in the diet.

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