Almost all previous studies of Asymmetric Price Transmission (APT) only focused on speed perspective. The study aims to investigate the effect of coffee prices in the global market on the Indonesian producer market in magnitude, speed, and direction perspectives. This study used the data of coffee prices at the producer level, coffee prices at the world market, and Indonesian GDP for the period 1980 to 2018. To examine the behavior of the APT, we use the NARDL model. The results show that there is a nonlinear co-integration of coffee prices between the global market and the Indonesian producer market. The APT occurs both in the long run and short run. The existence of the APT is not only in speed but also in magnitude and direction sides. The response of coffee prices in the producer market is higher and faster when the world coffee prices decrease. It indicates the failure to perform a perfectly competitive market structure in Indonesia. If the performance of the national economy is stable, Indonesian coffee producers are more likely to increase global coffee prices. However, in the Indonesian economic recession, coffee producers tend to suffer welfare loss due to the negative shock of world coffee prices. Therefore, policymakers should not only focus on economic growth but also has to make some policies assessing perfect competition in domestic agricultural markets.
The research objective is to describe the development of Islamic bank financing for SMEs, the development of sharia fintech, and the form of integration between sharia banking and the development of sharia fintech for the development of SMEs. The research method used is qualitative, related to sharia bank financing. Field research on two sharia bankings in the city of Makassar. Primary data sources through direct interviews, and secondary data from data presented from the financial services authority (OJK). Data collection techniques through interviews, documentation, and literature studies from several sources. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative, by describing the development of sharia banking financing product to SMEs sector, the development of sharia fintech, and the form of integration of sharia banking and sharia fintech in the development of SMEs. The results of this study show that the development of sharia banking financing product in 2019 until the 2020 market grew by 15.93 percent, for sharia banking the type of Islamic Financing Bank (BPRS) grew 4.57 percent, while Islamic banks with the type of Sharia Business Unit (UUS) for financing trips for SMEs decreased -2.7 percent. The development of Sharia Fintech, a peer-to-peer (P2P) lending type of fintech. The number of borrower accounts increased by 325.95 percent, the number of borrower accounts in December 2019 was 18,569,123, and the number of guarantors increased by 258.56 percent with the number of loans in December 2019 of IDR 81.50 trillion. There are 12 registered sharia fintech companies. The total assets of Islamic fintech are 50,591,727,786 rupiahs. Integration between Islamic Banks and Sharia Fintech in developing SMEs needs to be carried out, to increase financial access to the public. The form of integration that can be carried out between Islamic banks and Islamic fintech is a profit-sharing scheme, which can carry out mudharabah or musyarakah contracts. SMEs may need easy access to technology services. Integration in the form of collaboration to empower SMEs.
The main objective of this community service is to strengthen media literacy for youth, adolescents and students. The existence of a media literacy for community subsequently gave birth to GAMPONG LITERACY for surrounding villages at The Malikussaleh Universitas campus, namely Blang Pulo village, Muara Satu sub-district, North Aceh district. This program was implemented through educational, socialization and interactive approaches using"learning by doing" method. This program is urgently carried out on the grounds that the behavior patterns of youth, adolescents and students in utilizing media (technology, content, form and function of media) lead to negative impacts, starting to deviate from the values of Islamic Sharia and Islamic law as well as customs and culture. This service was carried out in some steps started by the mapping of the conditions and situations of the impact of the media on youth. The finding was that most people in the community were still lack on the media and communication technology skills, which results in an increase in consumptive culture of the users. Less social media resulted in less educational and indulges consumptive appetite. The next step was the determination of a media literacy strategy using an "inocculation" approach to protect youth from the adverse effects of media. The final step was working together with stakeholders to form a Literacy Village community that would create a Literacy Village (Gampong Literacy), then urge the government to hold a Literacy Village competition for youth and students. The community received knowledge of media literacy, website design and e-commerce training.
Abstract-Most administrative reforms in public organizations have not produced substantial changes, neither in structure, nor process nor attitude. Leaders in such organizations tend to prefer to implement reform as a formality or simply to comply with rules and legislations, given the great risks they will face. This condition has encouraged a review of the role of leadership that must be undertaken so that substantive changes in public organizations can occur. A case study was conducted on an administrative reform process that resulted in substantial changes in the National Institute of Public Administration (NIPA), a key administrative body that undertook administrative reform at national level. The study found that in order to succeed in implementing substantial change, leaders must play the role of building change mindset for change, spokesperson for reform, pathfinding and demonstrate commitment.
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